Static structures (e.g. – buildings) – Machine or implement
Patent
1985-02-28
1987-08-18
Friedman, Carl D.
Static structures (e.g., buildings)
Machine or implement
52404, 52442, E04B 162
Patent
active
046868100
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a method for leakproofing building walls, as well as insertion element for implementing the method.
FIELD OF ART
As is well known, a single- or two-ply wall insulation is utilized in the building industry to prevent absorption of ground moisture. During the course of erecting the building, the single-layer wall insulation is produced by placing, for example, tar paper in the dry state on the wall surface to be insulated, joining the extension zones by means of hot bitumen, pitch, or by bituminous or pitch-type protective coating. In the two-ply wall insulation, the insulating panels are glued onto the wall surface and one on the other with hot bitumen. The structural parts (e.g. the foundations, floors, roof shells) of the buildings are, in essence, insulated against moisture in a similar way.
The conventional insulating techniques have the deficiency in common that they require an enormous expenditure of labor on the side of the building industry at the construction site; they are not adequately durable, repetition of the leakproofing operation being connected with high costs and difficulties.
The need for subsequent leakproofing arises not only in old buildings, for example those of historical value, but also in buildings with brick walls, clay walls, even in buildings with concrete walls, to an ever increasing extent. At the present time, subsequent leakproofing in buildings with brick walls is performed by breaking out, in a length of 1 m, about four to five layers of bricks and, after the insulating paper has been arranged in place, rebuilding--insofar as possible--the broken-out material. The strong dynamic stresses (chiseling, knocking out) connected with the dismantling operation represent a not inconsiderable stress for the building which has deteriorated anyway; thus, the building structure is frequently damaged. A person skilled in the art is forced to perform this work, which requires special expertise, under accident-prone conditions since he must work by hand in the broken-out cavities of the wall, wherein the binder of such walls generally is rather brittle, where even the brick itself frequently exhibits a rather low strength.
A more up-to-date solution has been proposed for the subsequent insulation of walls wherein the wall is cut with a mechanical wall saw, for example with the aid of a chain saw, along sections thereof, and the layered insulating material is inserted in the thus-formed gap, wedged in place with load-bearing wedges, whereafter the remaining recess is filled with mortar.
The deficiency of the above solution resides in that, on the one hand, realization thereof is rather cumbersome; on the other hand, the binder cannot be supplied in the desired homogeneity. Furthermore, only a local, spotwise wall support can be provided by the wedging process; thus, stress centers and also cracks in the wall can be produced at these locations.
An electrical wall sealing method of experimental character has also been employed wherein, with an enormous consumption of energy and technical expenditure, the wall construction containing the absorbed moisture is electrically dried out.
Moreover, wall sealing methods having a chemical character have become known wherein materials, for example chemicals known commercially under the names of "VANDEX" or "PENETRAT" or "WALLCO" or "SILIKOFOB-ANHYDRO", are injected into the wall whereby the wall structure proper is impregnated, and the wall is provided with water-tight or water repellent properties. In this way, capillary moisture absorption of the wall is eliminated.
However, this method has not become popular inasmuch as, in each individual case, a thorough diagnostic preliminary examination is necessary. Only based on such a preliminary test is it possible for the experts to determine the individual technique, i.e. the location and number of bores to be made in the wall, the composition of the chemicals to be utilized, their amount, etc., whereby the quality of the insulation is basically determined. Additionally there
REFERENCES:
patent: 2187324 (1940-01-01), Many
patent: 3895472 (1975-07-01), Steinhauer et al.
patent: 4136498 (1979-01-01), Kanigan
patent: 4334397 (1982-06-01), Hitz
Dennison Caroline D.
Friedman Carl D.
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