Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Designated organic active ingredient containing – Radical -xh acid – or anhydride – acid halide or salt thereof...
Patent
1996-12-06
1999-05-04
Wityshyn, Michael G.
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Designated organic active ingredient containing
Radical -xh acid, or anhydride, acid halide or salt thereof...
4241951, 514826, 514838, 514885, A61K 3119, A61K 3578
Patent
active
059004347
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of acanthoic acid((-)-pimara-9(11),15-diene-19-oic acid) and pharmaceutical compositions comprising same useful for the treatment of diseases caused by an excessive production of interleukin-1 (hereinafter, referred to as "IL-1") or tumor necrosis factor-.alpha.(hereinafter, referred to as "TNF-.alpha.").
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Acanthopanax koreanum Nakai (Araliaceae), which is found indigenously in Cheju Island, the Republic of Korea, has been used traditionally as remedies for neuralgia, paralysis, lumbago, etc. Various useful components, including acanthoic acid of the following formula (A), have been isolated from its root bark(Kim Y. H. and Chung, B. S., J. Nat. Pro., 51, 1080(1988)). ##STR1##
Acanthoic acid has been reported to have various pharmacological effects, e.g., analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity which is due to its ability to inhibit the leukocyte migration and prostaglandin E.sub.2 (PGE.sub.2) synthesis, and to exhibit very low toxicity, e.g., 1000 mg/kg of minimum lethal dose(MLD) when administered to a rat(Lee, Y. S., "Pharmacological Study for (-)-Pimara-9(11),15-Diene-19-oic Acid, A Component of Acanthopanax koreanum Nakai", doctorate thesis, Dept. of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Korea, 1990).
As is well known, IL-1 is a regulatory factor which participates in a wide range of human defensive and immune mechanisms(see, e.g., Dinarello, D. A., FASEB J., 2, 108 (1988)). IL-1, first discovered to be produced by activated macrophages, is produced and secreted by various cells, e.g., fibroblasts, keratinocytes, T cells, B cells, and astrocytes of brain; and has been reported to have various functions including: stimulating the proliferation of CD4+T cells(Mizel, S. B., Immunol. Rev., 63, 51(1982)); stimulating the cell-killing effect of thymic T.sub.c cells through its binding to a T cell receptor(TCR)(McConkey, D. J., et al., J. Biol. Chem., 265, 3009(1990)); inducing the production of various materials participating in the inflammatory mechanisms, e.g., PGE.sub.2, phospholipase A.sub.2 (PLA.sub.2), and collagenase(Dejana, E., et al., Bolid, 69, 695-699 (1987)); inducing the production of acute-phase proteins in liver(Andus, T., et al., Eur. J. Immunol., 123, 2928(1988)); raising blood pressure in the vascular system(Okusawa, S., et al., J. Clin. Invest., 81, 1162(1988)); inducing the production of other cytokines, e.g., IL-6 and TNF(Dinarello, C. A., et al., J. Immunol., 139, 1902(1987)), etc.
As has been reported, IL-1 relates to various immune diseases, e.g., rheumatoid arthritis(Nouri, A. M., et al., Clin. Exp. Immunol., 58, 402(1984)), rejection mechanisms after the kidney transplantation(Mauri and Teppo, Transplantation, 45, 143(1988)), and septicemia(Cannon, J. G., et al., Lymphokine Res., 7, 457(1988)). IL-1 has been also reported to induce a fever and pain when administered in a large amount to a human body(Smith, J., et al., Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol., 9, 710(1990)).
TNF-.alpha., first discovered in a serum of an animal treated with BCG(Bacille Calmette-Guerin) or LPS(lipopolysaccharide) (Carswell, E. A., et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 72, 3666(1975)), has been reported to be produced by various cells, e.g., activated macrophages and fibroblasts. Further, TNF-.alpha. has been reported to have the functions of: killing the fibrosarcoma L929 cells(Espevik and Nissen-Meyer, J. Immunol. Methods, 95, 99(1986)); stimulating the proliferation of fibroblasts(Sugarman, B. J., et al., Science, 230, 943(1985)); inducing the production of PGE.sub.2, arachidonic acid, etc. which may be involved in inflammatory responses(Suttys, et al., Eur. J. Biochem., 195, 465(1991)); inducing the production of IL-6 or other growth factors(Van Hinsbergh, et al., Blood, 72, 1467(1988)), etc.
TNF-.alpha. has been also reported to participate, directly or indirectly, in various diseases; and examples of said diseases are: infectious diseases carried by trypanosoma, strains of the genus Plasmodium, etc
REFERENCES:
patent: 5378466 (1995-01-01), Endo
Kim et al., Pimaradiene diterpenes from Acanthopanax Koreanum, J. Natural Products, 51:1080-1083, 1988.
Okuyama et al., Analgesic principles from Aralia Cordata Thunb., Chem. Pharm. Bull. 39:405-407, 1991.
The Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy, vol. 1, General Medicine, 15th Ed., pp. 3, 48, 49, 524, 525, 654, 655, 661, 957, 1987.
Alberts et al., Molecular Biology Of The Cell, Garland Publishing, Inc., NY, NY, p. 695, 1983.
Holgate et al., Allergy, Raven Press Ltd., NY, NY, pp. 3.1-3.10 and 10.1-10.14, 1993.
Choi Inpyo
Kang Hyung-Sik
Kim Young-Ho
Lee Jung-Joon
Pyun Kwang-Ho
Kerr Janet M.
Korea Institute of Science and Technology
Wityshyn Michael G.
LandOfFree
Method for inhibiting the production of interleukin-1 or tumor n does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Method for inhibiting the production of interleukin-1 or tumor n, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Method for inhibiting the production of interleukin-1 or tumor n will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-1869706