Plant protecting and regulating compositions – Plant growth regulating compositions – Plural active ingredients
Reexamination Certificate
2000-05-02
2001-12-18
Clardy, S. Mark (Department: 1616)
Plant protecting and regulating compositions
Plant growth regulating compositions
Plural active ingredients
C514S547000, C514S566000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06331505
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to a process for increasing plant productivity. Specifically, the method relates to increasing plant productivity by treating roots, seeds, stems and/or foliage of plants with compositions containing glutamic acid and either polyglycolic acid or glycolic acid, and/or salts of the aforementioned compounds.
Many organic acids and amino acids, including glutamic acid and glycolic acid, are useful for stimulating plant growth. For example, in 1980, Tillberg (
Physiol Plant
50:158-160) reported that duckweed growth was stimulated by 10 to 20% when low levels of glycolic acid (30-220 ppm) were added to culture media, although levels of 380 ppm or higher were inhibitory to growth. Oligomers of glycolic acid which are hydrolyzed to monomers have also been reported to stimulate duckweed growth (Kinnersley et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,813,997). Behrend & Meteles (1975
, Plant Physiol
. 56:584-589) found that glutamic acid increased the growth of cell cultures of tobacco, tomato, and carrot, however, the effects of this amino acid on intact plants are less clear. Gorham (1950
, Canadian J. of Research
28:356-381) found that glutamic acid (100 ppm) had negative effects on plant growth.
While increasing vegetative plant growth is important, of much greater significance is stimulation of reproductive growth that gives increased yield of fruits, vegetables, grains, etc. Compositions of organic acids that increase plant productivity, and in particular that increase reproductive growth, are therefore needed. The present invention addresses this need.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It has been discovered that a composition including glutamic acid, and either glycolic acid or polyglycolic acid, is effective in increasing plant productivity. Accordingly, in one aspect of the invention, a composition including a salt of glycolic acid and at least one of glutamic acid or a salt thereof is provided. In other forms of the invention, a composition may include glycolic acid and a salt of glutamic acid. In preferred forms of the invention, the salt of glycolic acid is an ammonium salt.
In another embodiment, a composition is provided that includes a salt of polyglycolic acid and at least one of glutamic acid or a salt thereof, wherein the polyglycolic acid has the following formula:
wherein n=1-10.
In other forms of the invention, compositions are provided that include polyglycolic acid and a salt of glutamic acid. In preferred forms of the invention, the salt of polyglycolic acid is an ammonium salt.
In further forms of the invention, the compositions described herein may further include a calcium salt to further increase plant productivity. In preferred embodiments, the calcium salt is calcium nitrate.
Other aspects of the invention provide methods of treating a plant which include treating a plant with the compositions described above. The methods are advantageous in increasing plant productivity, including increasing the growth of plants, increasing the ripeness of the fruit of plants and increasing the resistance of the plants to the effects of a wide variety of plant stresses, including environmental stresses.
Yet other aspects of the invention provide methods of stimulating microbial growth utilizing the compositions of the present invention.
It is an object of the invention to provide a composition with properties conducive for increasing plant productivity.
It is a further object of the invention to provide methods for treating a plant that increase plant productivity.
It is yet another object of the invention to provide methods for stimulating microbial growth.
Further objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following description.
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Clardy S. Mark
Emerald BioAgriculture Corporation
Woodard Emhardt Naughton Moriarty & McNett
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