Internal-combustion engines – Miscellaneous – Fuels – lubricants and additives
Patent
1990-09-27
1992-04-21
Cross, E. Rollins
Internal-combustion engines
Miscellaneous
Fuels, lubricants and additives
44300, F02B 7512
Patent
active
051057727
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention refers to a method for improving the combustion in combustion engines, and reducing the amounts of harmful components in the exhausts, whereby a liquid composition including a peroxide or peroxo compound is supplied to the combustion chamber.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The increased number of cars, especially in urban areas are causing an increase of exhausts, with health and environmental problems connected thereto. The harmful components causing the major problems are mainly carbon oxide, hydro carbons and nitrogen oxides. The underlaying cause for the unclean exhausts are incomplete combustion. Different techniques are used for reducing the amounts of these components, the most common is the wellknown catalytic technique, which provides a combustion of the exhausts outside the actual combustion process .
Concerning diesel exhaust gases there are a number of problems to solve. One of these is the soot formation, another is the nitrogen oxides formed during the combustion. It is possible to reduce the emissions of carbon oxide and hydro carbons using a catalytic equipment. The complications occuring doing this is, besides oxidizing CO and HC to CO.sub.2 and water, that a certain amount of nitrogen is oxidized to nitrogen oxide (NOx). The reason for this is that a diesel engine inevitably is working with a surplus of air. Another problem is that the soot after a certain time hinders the function of the catalyzer. The soot can be reduced by for example partly or completely substituting diesel with ethanol. The problems with the nitrogen oxides however remains.
THE PURPOSE OF THE INVENTION AND ITS MOST IMPORTANT CHARACTERISTICS
The purpose of this invention is to achieve an improved combustion and thereby decrease the emissions of harmful components in the exhausts from combustion engines in such a way that soot and nitrogen oxides are reduced in both engine and catalytic equipment, even if the engine is a diesel engine. This has been achieved by injecting said liquid composition into each cylinder of the engine in such a way that a portion of the liquid composition passes through the outlet valve when the engine shifts from outlet to inlet stroke, thus causing an improved afterburning in both exhaust pipe and possible catalytic equipment.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The invention will below be closer described with references to an embodiment shown in the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a vertical section through a cylinder head of a diesel engine showing the intake valve.
FIG. 2 is a section along the line II--II in FIG. 1
DESCRIPTION OF AN EMBODIMENT
The drawings show a diesel engine with a cylinder head 11, an inlet pipe 12 to the combustion room 13 of the engine and an inlet valve 14 interacting with a valve seat 15. The exhaust pipe is denoted 16 and the exhaust valve is denoted 17. A fuel injector is denoted 18. In this embodiment the fuel is injected into a precombustion chamber 19, which is equipped with a heater plug 20 to faciliate cold starts. An alternative to this is to inject the fuel directly into the combustion room 13.
A feeding line 21 is positioned in the inlet pipe 12, for feeding a liquid composition including a peroxide or peroxo compounds, water and possibly other additives which will be described below. The feeding line 21 is positioned with play inside a second line 22 for a medium having a pressure differing from the pressure at the mouth piece 23 of the feeding line 21. The mouth piece 23 is positioned in close vicinity of the inlet valve. It can also be positioned inside the engine's combustion chamber. The medium may be gaseous, and consist of atmospheric air, in which case the line 22 is arranged to communicate with the atmosphere outside the engine. The medium may also be exhausts from the engine, which under pressure are fed through the line 22. It may also be a pressurized gas for example a small amount of air derived from a turbo charger or from a special airpump.
With such a device an atomiztion of the supplied liquid composition is achieved. The end portio
REFERENCES:
patent: 4182278 (1980-01-01), Coakwell
patent: 4359969 (1982-11-01), Mellovist et al.
patent: 4398505 (1983-08-01), Cahill
patent: 4406254 (1983-09-01), Harris et al.
Lindstrom Arne
Olsson Bertil
Olsson Gunnar
Olsson John
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