Organic compounds -- part of the class 532-570 series – Organic compounds – Unsubstituted hydrocarbyl chain between the ring and the -c-...
Patent
1999-08-09
2000-11-28
Shah, Mukund J.
Organic compounds -- part of the class 532-570 series
Organic compounds
Unsubstituted hydrocarbyl chain between the ring and the -c-...
502 66, 502167, 564448, 564461, C07D22302, C07C25334, C07C25524
Patent
active
061537489
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This Application is a 371 of PCT/EP98/00414 filed Jan. 26, 1998.
DESCRIPTION
The present invention relates to a process for hydrogenating a compound in the group of the imines or enamines I to an amine II in the presence of a nitrile III, said nitrile III being essentially not hydrogenated, which comprises reacting a mixture comprising a compound I and a nitrile III with a gas comprising molecular hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst IV.
The present invention further relates to the use of catalysts for converting imines or enamines into amines in the presence of nitriles, the nitriles being essentially not hydrogenated, using a gas comprising molecular hydrogen.
Processes for hydrogenating imines or enamines in the presence of nitriles essentially without hydrogenating the nitriles are known.
EP-A-0 502 439 discloses reacting an imine such as tetrahydroazepine with an appreciable excess of hydrides such as sodium borohydride or lithium tri-tert-butoxyaluminum hydride in the presence of a nitrile such as 6-aminocapronitrile to form N-(5-cyanopentyl)-1,6-hexamethylenediamine. Disadvantageously, in this process, the hydride is used in four- to fivefold excess and, after the reaction, the salt formed from the hydride has to be separated off. In addition, the post-hydrogenation process used for working up the product mixture has to be adapted specifically to the remaining hydride and all the products in order that a hydrogenation of the nitrile may be avoided during workup.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a process which is free of the disadvantages mentioned and which makes it possible to hydrogenate imines to amines in the presence of nitriles in a technically simple and economical manner essentially without hydrogenating the nitriles.
We have found that this object is achieved by the process mentioned at the beginning and by the use of catalysts therefor.
Compound I is preferably a cyclic imine, for example 3,4,5,6-tetrahydroazepine, or a cyclic enamine, for example 4,5,6,7-tetrahydroazepine, or a mixture thereof.
Such imines and enamines and also processes for their preparation are generally known.
These imines or enamines can be present as individual compounds or as adducts, especially with amines, in which case these adducts shall herein likewise be referred to as imines or enamines.
Tetrahydroazepine can be obtained in the partial catalytic hydrogenation, using a gas comprising molecular hydrogen, of adiponitrile to 6-aminocapronitrile or mixtures comprising 6-aminocapronitrile and hexamethylenediamine, generally in amounts from 10 ppm to 5% by weight based on 6-aminocapronitrile.
The catalysts which can be used in this hydrogenation are advantageously those based on a metal selected from the group consisting of rhodium, nickel, cobalt, preferably iron, in which case the catalysts may include further elements as promoters. In the case of catalysts based on iron, suitable promoters are in particular one or more, such as two, three, four or five, elements selected from the group consisting of aluminum, silicon, zirconium, titanium and vanadium.
Such catalysts and also the process conditions for the reaction mentioned are described for example in WO-A-96/20166, German Application 19 636 768.9 and German Application 19 646 436.6.
Adiponitrile, aminocapronitrile and hexamethylenediamine, from each of which tetrahydroazepine is not simple to separate, are major fiber intermediates for the production of polyamides such as nylon-6 or nylon-6,6, in each of which tetrahydroazepine is customarily present as an undesirable, color-conferring compound.
Suitable nitriles III are preferably acyclic nitriles, for example adiponitrile and 6-aminocapronitrile, and also mixtures thereof.
Suitable amines V are preferably acyclic amines, especially hexamethylenediamine and 6-aminocapronitrile, and also mixtures thereof, and the amine V preferably differs from the amine II.
The preparation of such amines can be effected in a conventional manner, for example by the processes mentioned for the preparatio
REFERENCES:
patent: 5527946 (1996-06-01), Flick et al.
patent: 5679860 (1997-10-01), Haas et al.
Fuchs Eberhard
Ohlbach Frank
BASF - Aktiengesellschaft
Shah Mukund J.
Sripada Pavanaram K
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