Heat exchange – Regenerator – Checker brick structure
Patent
1994-04-28
1996-08-20
Rivell, John
Heat exchange
Regenerator
Checker brick structure
165 91, 165 4, F23L 1502
Patent
active
055470165
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for heating a gas in a regenerator with a heat accumulation mass consisting of a loose bulk material arranged in a ring between two coaxial cylindrical grids, a hot collection chamber, surrounded by the inner hot grid, for the hot gases and a cold collection chamber, enclosed between the outer cold grid, on the one hand, and the external wall of the regenerator, on the other hand, for the cold gases, as well as a regenerator of this type.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In such a regenerator, the hot gases and cold gases are respectively conveyed radially through the heat accumulation mass, in contrast to air heaters which are otherwise usual, and actually during the heating phase, from the hot collection chamber inside the regenerator to the outer cold collection chamber, and in the opposite direction during the cold blowing of the regenerator. The gases to be heated may also be gaseous mixtures, which also contain proportions of vapors, in particular water vapor.
A regenerator of this type is described in U.S. Pat. No. 2,272,108. The quantitative embodiment, not given here, of the example of application which is given therein shows that a regenerator according to the description of this U.S. Patent would absolutely not operate in practice. A qualitative evaluation furthermore demonstrates that the gas speed chosen for passing through the heat accumulation layer was chosen much too small and furthermore that the aforementioned size of the particles of the loose bulk material of the heat accumulation mass is too large. These values thus lead to a head loss of the gas which is too small in the material bed. Thus, the pressure of the gas decreases with the height in the cold collection chamber, while this effect, also known by the term "stack effect", is negligible in the cold collection chamber. In the application example, the pressure difference caused by this "stack effect" is a multiple of the head loss in the material bed, with the consequence that, when heating the regenerator, the heating gases flow only in the upper region through the material bed while, in the lower region, back-flow might even be expected. When working under hot blast, and therefore during the cold blowing, the conditions are reversed, that is to say that only the lower region of the material bed would be exposed. These results necessarily lead to the conclusion that the regenerator described in U.S. Pat. No. 2,272,108 would fail entirely.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The object of the invention is therefore to improve the method mentioned in the introduction, as well as the regenerator described hereinabove, by avoiding the drawbacks generated by the stack effect and in particular by increasing the power of the regenerator, but with a constructional height of the latter which is markedly reduced.
In the scope of the method described hereinabove, this object is achieved by the fact that the increase in the head loss during the heating phase is at least 5 times as great as the product .rho..g.H, in which H is the height of the regenerator, .rho. is the density of the gas at a temperature of 20.degree. C. and g is the acceleration due to gravity, and that the gas flow rate is at least equal to 300 m.sup.3 N/h.m.sup.2 of surface area of the hot grid at standard pressure.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a graphical representation of the temperature distribution.
FIG. 2 is a regenerator apparatus suitable to carry out the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Implementation of the method according to the invention has shown that, in contrast to known air heaters, an entirely different temperature distribution is established in the loose bulk material, because it is essentially linear in these known air heaters, while, in the method proposed, it is in contrast of S shape. This S distribution of the temperature, shown in FIG. 1, first has the advantage that the temperature drop of the hot blast during the cold blowing is very small, and furthermor
REFERENCES:
patent: 1940371 (1933-12-01), Royster
patent: 2272108 (1942-02-01), Bradley
patent: 4463799 (1984-08-01), Takahashi et al.
patent: 4943317 (1990-07-01), Lischka et al.
patent: 4991396 (1991-02-01), Goerlich et al.
Atkinson Christopher
L'Air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'Etude et L'Exploitation de
Rivell John
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