Hydraulic and earth engineering – Foundation – Underpinning
Reexamination Certificate
1999-02-25
2001-03-27
Friedman, Carl D. (Department: 3635)
Hydraulic and earth engineering
Foundation
Underpinning
C052S293100, C052S741150, C052S742140
Reexamination Certificate
active
06206615
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for laying a foundation for an existing building structure, said method comprising establishment of a distance between a foundation of the building structure and a foundation pile with an upper pan providing a carrier surface on the foundation pile and establishment of a core between the carrier surface on the foundation pile and a carrier surface on the foundation, and where the core between the carrier surface on the foundation and the carrier surface of the foundation pile is a cast core, that the fluid for establishing the cast core is a curable casting material, that the curable casting material is let into the cylinder under pressure, that the cylinder is filled with the curable casting material under pressure and a pressure of the fluid is established in the cylinder until the top piston and the bottom piston are situated in their respective positions, and that the curable casting material is cured.
A preferred application of the method relates to a further method for laying a foundation for an existing building structure, said method comprising excavation under an existing foundation, removal of the upper part of an existing foundation pile to provide a carrier surface on a remaining foundation pile and establishment of a core between the carrier surface on the remaining foundation pile and a carrier surface on the remaining foundation, and where the core between the carrier surface on the foundation and the carrier surface of the foundation pile is a cast core, that the fluid is a curable casting material, that the curable casting material is let into the cylinder under pressure, that the cylinder is filled with the curable casting material under pressure until the top piston and the bottom piston are situated in their respective positions, and that the curable casting material is cured.
The present invention also relates to an apparatus comprising a cylinder with a number of pistons, preferably a top piston and a bottom piston, which pistons are telescopically displaceable in relation to one another, preferably that the top piston is telescopically displaceable in relation to the bottom piston, and where at legs one of the pistons is provided with an inlet for a fluid.
In connection with foundation piles, mostly of wood, there may occur rot in the upper part of the foundation pile in connection with a lowering of the groundwater level. This deteriorates or completely removes the carrying capacity of the foundation pile. With a method as discussed above it is possible to re-establish the carrying capacity of the foundation pile.
CH 675 000 describes a method of the above-mentioned type. Prior to removal of an upper part of the foundation pile, a shoring is arranged around the upper part. The shoring extends from the existing foundation down to a part of the foundation pile that will remain after the upper part has been removed. The shoring comprises wooden beams contacting an under side of the existing foundation. Support plates on either side of the remaining foundation pile extend from the wooden beams downward and are fastened to the remaining foundation pile by means of bolts extending between the support plates. A separation plate is displaced perpendicularly in relation to the remaining foundation pile and separates the upper part to be removed from the remaining foundation pile. The upper part is then removed between the support plates. Reinforcements are hammered down into the remaining foundation pile and concrete is cast in the space where the upper part of the foundation pile was previously found.
The method and the apparatus disclosed in the above document involve important drawbacks, however. The initial handling in connection with positioning of wooden beams, support plates and bolts is very comprehensive. Subsequent removal of the upper part of the foundation pile is extremely difficult due to the poor access resulting from support plates and bolts. Final positioning of reinforcements and casting of concrete is also made difficult by support plates and bolts. Besides, it is not possible to establish a support having sufficient carrying capacity due to settling of the cast concrete when the support plates are removed at last. The time that needs to be scheduled to establish the new support is furthermore very important.
SE 346 133 describes a further development compared to the method described in CH 675 000. A telescopic cylinder is provided for adjusting the level of a building or a part of a building. The building or building part may be a foundation or load bars in a building. The building is levelled in relation to the ground or the building part is levelled in relation to a foundation of a building. The adjustment is performed by pumping a fluid into the cylinder. The fluid may be a curable fluid such as cement. The fluid is pumped into the cylinder until the building in relation to the ground or the building part in relation to the foundation of the building has obtained the correct level as desired.
This technique is possible to use if the ground is very solid such as rock which is the ground material of Bromma just outside Stockholm in Sweden where the inventor of the prior art of SE 346 133 is living. Also, if the foundation of the building structure is already at place at the correct level it is easy afterwards to use this prior art to level building parts in relation to the foundation. However, if the ground is not very solid, the technique of SE 346 133 is not possible to use, as the cylinder would just penetrate the ground surface without being able to level the building foundation. If foundation piles is used, also the tecnique of SE 346 133 is not possible to use, because the pressure in the cylinder would just cause the foundation pile to sink and thereby penetrate further down into the ground leaving the foundation pile to be of no use at all.
It is the object of the present invention to disclose a method and to provide an apparatus for use by the method not possessing the above-mentioned many disadvantages and thereby making it possible to use cylinders with fluid under pressure in connection with foundations for building structures which are supported by foundation piles.
This object is obtained by a method that is characterised in that a cylinder is arranged between the carrier surface on the foundation pile and the carrier surface on the foundation with a top piston directed towards the carrier surface on the foundation and a bottom piston directed towards the carrier surface on the foundation pile, that the cylinder is filled with the fluid under pressure until the top piston is in contact with a carrier surface on the foundation and until the bottom piston is in contact with the carrier surface on the foundation pile said pressure established in the cylinder being greater than the pressure by gravity of the building structure on the foundation pile and being smaller than the largest possible load of pressure that the foundation pile is able to assimilate without sinking.
A preferred application of the method is for laying a foundation for an existing building structure, said method comprising excavation under an existing foundation, removal of the upper part of an existing foundation pile to provide a carrier surface on a remaining foundation pile and establishment of a core between the carrier surface on the remaining foundation pile and a carrier surface on the remaining foundation, and is characterised in that a cylinder is arranged between the carrier surface on the remaining foundation pile and the carrier surface on the existing foundation with a top piston directed towards the carrier surface on the existing foundation and a bottom piston directed towards the carrier surface on the remaining foundation pile, that a fluid under pressure is let into the cylinder, that the cylinder is filled with the fluid under pressure until the top piston is in contact with a carrier surface on the existing foundation and until the bottom piston is in contact with the ca
Adsboll Fundering A/S
Friedman Carl D.
Ladas & Parry
Wilkens Kevin D.
LandOfFree
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