Chemistry of carbon compounds – Miscellaneous organic carbon compounds – C-metal
Patent
1983-11-03
1985-05-21
Schain, Howard E.
Chemistry of carbon compounds
Miscellaneous organic carbon compounds
C-metal
2601125R, 260115, 26024591, 426647, C07C10352, C07G 700, A61K 3518, A61K 3702
Patent
active
045185255
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a method for dividing blood hemoglobin into heme and globin by suspending blood cells, separated from blood, in an acid solution, in which the gemoglobin is hydrolyzed to heme and globin, by precipitating the heme, and by separating the precipitate from the aqueous solution of globin.
It is known that blood contains iron, and the bulk of this iron is present in the form of iron protoporphyrin in hemoglobin. When the plasma is separated from blood, about 80% of the total proteins contained in the blood remain in the blood cell fraction. The blood cell fraction contains about 38% raw protein, and hemoglobin constitutes about 80% of the dry matter of this raw protein in cows and about 87% in the pigs. Hemoglobin contains about 6% heme, which for its part contains about 9% iron, and the remaining 94% is globin. Interest in organic heme iron had greatly increased, since in certain studies it has been observed to be better absorbed in the intestines than are inorganic iron compounds. Furthermore, certain inorganic iron compounds have been found to have noxious effects. Owing to the strong color, odor and taste of the blood cell fraction and to its perishability, its use as such as a medical iron supplement is out of the question.
Heme has previously been separated from globin on a laboratory scale chromatographically or by extraction, in which case the solvents used have been methylethyl ketone, acetone and dimethyl formamide.
The application of solvent methods on a technological scale results in considerably high solvent costs and solvent regeneration costs.
In addition, the solvents used are highly flammable, and the removal of solvent residues from the final products has proven to be difficult, if the final products are used for fodder, food or medicine.
Swedish Lay-Open Print No. 7 407 882-5 disclosed a method for the separation of heme from globin, a method in which an acid hemoglobin solution is cooled, and a large quantity of ethanol is added to it in two stages in order to precipitate the globin and to separate it by centrifugation. This method also has a disadvantage in that it is necessary to use large quantities of the solvent, which ultimately has to be removed from the final products. In addition, the work has to be carried out at low temperatures, which causes considerable additional expense.
It is previously known to separate the globin of blood from the heme chromatographically with the aid of carboxymethyl cellulose. In this method the hemolyzed and acid hydrolyzed blood cell fraction is directed via an ion exchange column filled with carboxymethyl cellulose, at which time the heme is adsorbed to the carboxymethyl cellulose. However, the amounts of heme which can be separated from globin by this method are so small, that this method is not applicable on a technological production scale.
The object of the present invention is to provide a method for dividing blood hemoglobin into heme and globin, a method in which the above-mentioned disadvantages have been eliminated and in which the final product obtained is a heme-containing product which as such is usable as a raw material for the production of medicinal iron supplements and a globin protein which can be used as an ingredient of food or fodder without the disadvantages caused by solvents.
The main characteristics of the invention are given in accompanying Claim 1.
According to the invention, the blood cell fraction separated from the plasma is hemolyzed by diluting it with water and is acid hydrolyzed by adjusting its pH value to below 3 in order to break the bonds between the globin and the heme. Thereafter the heme is precipitated out from the acid aqueous solution by adding to it an aqueous solution of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and advantageously at such a rate that the weight ratio CMC/globin is at minimum 1:1000, but preferably at maximum 2:10. The iron contained in the heme in this case probably forms a coordinate bond with the carboxyl groups of CMC, which are completely protonized within the pH ra
REFERENCES:
patent: 4376727 (1983-03-01), Sato et al.
patent: 4439357 (1984-03-01), Bonhard et al.
Autio Karin
Kiesvaara Martti
Malkki Yrjo
Schain Howard E.
Valtion teknillinen tutkimuskeskus
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