Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing – Oxygen containing – Ozone or peroxide
Reexamination Certificate
2000-06-28
2002-09-17
Hruskoci, Peter A. (Department: 1724)
Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
Oxygen containing
Ozone or peroxide
C210S739000, C210S760000, C210S096100, C422S003000, C436S174000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06451612
ABSTRACT:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
The present application claims the benefit of French patent application 99 14619 filed Nov. 22, 1999, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
(I) Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to the field of the treatment with ozone of liquids, which treatment with ozone perhaps, as is known, is used in a very large number of industrial applications: for example in connection with the environment (water and effluent treatment, and the like), in the treatment of foodstuffs with ozone (liquid foods, in particular drinks, washing foodstuffs with ozonized water, such as seafood or also fruit and vegetables) or in aquaculture and pisciculture (rearing sites or all or part of the water which feeds the rearing pond or ponds of the user site is treated with ozone).
(II) Description of the Related Art
The treatment of piscicultural or aquacultural rearing sites with ozone has formed the subject of very extensive literature. Reference can be made, for example, to French Patent Application on behalf of Applicant Company FR-99 06567, which is concerned with the ozonization of rearing sites operating in closed circuits. The literature emphasizes the considerable advantage in treating water which feeds the ponds (health advantages, productivity, and the like). It is nevertheless a fact that difficulties and questions remain relating to the use of ozonization, treatments. These difficulties and questions are related in particular to the fact that the residual oxidizing components of a treatment with ozone may be toxic to the farmed species, whether it is the residual ozone itself in the medium or all the oxidizing by-products originating from the ozonization reactions of ozone with the medium (in particular salts, in the case of seawater).
It is also necessary to take into consideration the fact that, when ozone is injected into water (or any other liquid), part of this ozone is immediately consumed by the water in attacking organic matter, such as colors or bacteria, or in reactions with salts present in the water. Only subsequent to such consumption does the injection of ozone actually give rise to an ozone or oxidant residue which can be taken into account in carrying out the treatment targeted by the application under consideration.
The targeted treatment can, of course, be highly variable, depending on the application under consideration and depending on the specifications pursued by each user site. The treatment carries out one or more actions from the following actions: bleaching, disinfection, deodorization or water purification of the water (removal of toxic or undesirable components).
A person skilled in the art commonly speaks, with regard to this immediate consumption of ozone by the water (or by the liquid in the case of the most general application), of “ozone demand” of the water under consideration.
In what follows, reference is made to the case of the treatment of a water while keeping in mind the fact that these treatments (and the notion of “ozone demand” which is associated) applies more generally to liquids of highly varied origins.
It may therefore be said, with regard to this “ozone demand” of the water to be treated:
that this demand represents the amount of ozone immediately consumed (it may even be said “swallowed”) by the water;
in other words, this “ozone demand” is the amount of ozone which can be introduced into the water before the appearance of a residue (of ozone and/or of oxidant) in the water;
it depends on the quality of the water to be treated;
the determination of this ozone demand of the water to be treated and of the persistence of the resulting oxidant or ozone residue makes it possible to calculate the ozone treatment dose to be applied to the water under consideration.
The level of treatment to be applied to the water under consideration will therefore be determined as a function:
of the oxidant or dissolved ozone residue to be maintained in the water after having satisfied the instantaneous demand of the water under consideration, in other words of the effectiveness desired according to the treatment under consideration (for example, amount starting from which the desired disinfecting effect is effectively obtained);
of the safety of the site of use under consideration (local legislation or alternatively, for example, in the context of fish farms not tolerating any oxidants and/or ozone residue beyond a given residence time &Dgr;T).
The literature records a number of existing solutions for the determination of the ozone demand of a water to be treated, which solutions will be described in more detail in the context of
FIGS. 1 and 2
hereinbelow,
FIG. 1
being devoted to a determination solution which may be described as a “batch”-style solution, whereas
FIG. 2
is devoted to a determination solution which may be described as a “continuous” determination.
According to the first prior method for determination of the ozone demand of a water to be treated, a gas with a predetermined ozone content is injected into a sample of the water to be treated, the water sample is stirred and then, on the one hand, the dissolved ozone content of the water is determined and, on the other hand, the ozone content of the gas phase lying above the liquid water phase in the sample is determined.
The ozone demand is then determined by a conventional conservation equation relating to the initial amount of ozone injected through the gas, the dissolved ozone content of the water after stirring and the gaseous ozone content of the as phase existing above the liquid phase of the sample.
The disadvantages of such a “batch”-style determination method are related in particular to the accuracy necessary in knowing the ozone content of the ozonized gas introduced but also to the fact that, in order to quantitatively determine the sample (in its liquid phase and in its gas phase), it is necessary to withdraw liquid and gas, which already per se (in the fact of withdrawing alone) falsifies the result of the measurement since ozone then naturally escapes from the liquid medium.
According now to the second so-called “continuous” determination method, the water to be treated, on the one hand, and an ozonized gas, on the other hand, are delivered to a contactor of continuous bubble column type in order to carry out dissolution in the contactor, so as to analyze, at the outlet of the contactor, the water and its dissolved ozone residue, and the non-transferred ozonized gas (outlet gas).
It is then seen that this continuous determination method is certainly reliable and furthermore widely used in the literature but unquestionably exhibits the disadvantage of requiring a large volume of water to achieve equilibrium and also the use of a great deal of equipment (numerous analyzers), therefore being relatively complex and not very compact.
SUMMARY AND OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION:
A particular object of the present invention is to solve the abovementioned technical problems in connection with the determination methods according to the prior art.
The method according to the invention for the determination of a level of treatment (T) with ozone of a liquid to be treated then comprises the implementation of the following measures:
a) there is available a store of the liquid to be treated, the initial dissolved oxidants and/or ozone content of which is C
i
,
b) an ozonized water mother solution with a given and constant volume of dissolved ozone C
m
is manufactured (starting from distilled or demineralized water);
c) a volume V
m
of the mother solution is withdrawn in order to introduce it into a sample of the store with a volume of V
i
;
d) the content C
f
of residual oxidant and/or dissolved ozone in the sample after the addition of V
m
is measured, immediately after addition and/or at predetermined (regular or irregular) time intervals after the addition;
e) the level of treatment to be applied to the liquid is determined as function of the value of the quantity C
i
-C
f
(thus, as will have bee
Campo Philippe
Grimberg Aurelie
Rabillier Jean-Marc
Rignon Maurice
Burns Doane Swecker & Mathis L.L.P.
Hruskoci Peter A.
L'Air Liquide Societe Anonyme a Directoire et Conseil de Su
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