Compositions – Frost-preventing – ice-thawing – thermostatic – thermophoric,...
Patent
1995-01-17
1995-12-26
Green, Anthony
Compositions
Frost-preventing, ice-thawing, thermostatic, thermophoric,...
106 13, C09K 318
Patent
active
054784875
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a method for denaturing road salt by adding benzyldiethyl-(2,6-xylylcarbamoyl-methyl)ammonium benzoate, i.e. denatonium benzoate, or N,N,N,N-benzyldiethyl-(2,6-xylylcarbamoyl-methyl)ammonium saccharine, i.e. denatonium saccharine, or brucine, or a derivative of these, to the road salt either before applying the road salt or afterwards on the road salt by atomizing or spraying. Said substance is used in an amount of 0.1 to 500 ppm based on the weight of the road salt. The invention also relates to a road salt containing said substance. The road salt according to the invention preferably contains 0.5 to 100 ppm benzyldiethyl-(2,6-xylylcarbamoyl-methyl)ammonium benzoate, i.e. denatonium benzoate, or a corresponding derivative, Or 0.1 to 50 ppm N,N,N,N-benzyldiethyl-(2,6-xylylcarbamoyl-methyl)ammoniumsaccharine, i.e. denatonium saccharine, or a corresponding derivative.
It has been found that animals do not eat or touch the road salt according to the invention. Hence it is possible to improve road safety and to totally avoid, for example, collisions with reindeer or elks on sections of the road on which denatured road salt is being used.
Very many animals, domestic animals and wild forest animals included, have a tendency to eat the compounds used in salting roads. Road salt usually contains mainly conventional sodium chloride, but also other inorganic compounds which have been added on purpose to the road salt or which are inherently contained in it depending on from what kind of source the road salt is made, for example, rock salt or marine salt. The road salt may also contain various kinds of calcium compounds, such as calcium chloride, which is used as such, for example, to bind the dust on sand roads. Besides calcium chloride the road salts contain e.g. magnesium oxide and magnesium chloride, and in some cases also calcium acetate and magnesium acetate as described in numerous patents relating to the manufacture of road salt (e.g. U.S. Pat. No. 3,833,504, U.S. Pat. No. 3,350,315 and GB 164622).
Road salt may also contain organic additives the purpose of which is to make the salt stick to the road surface so that it will not be transported away from the road and later into the groundwater, for instance. Such compounds are e.g. copolymers of polystyrene and polybutadiene. A compound like this is described in, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 4,434,190.
Corrosion preventing compounds, such as calcium cyanamide, can also be added to the road salt (DE 2847350 and EP 10574).
The inventions according to said patents are characterized in that the compounds mentioned and the production methods of the road salt or the additives aim at something else than preventing animals from utilizing the road salt. None of said patents discloses that the additives mentioned would have such an effect that animals would no longer like to eat road salt. Said patents are silent about the problem of how to prevent animals from eating road salt and thereby to improve road safety.
A central feature of the present invention is that by using the mentioned very effective aversive agents the amounts needed are very small compared with other possible repellent compounds that can be added to the road salt or onto the road. It is surprising that already a very small amount of aversive agent is enough to make the road salt unpleasant for animals. The use of said aversive agents in accordance with the present invention for denaturing road salt has a superior economic advantage as compared with, for example, other chemical compounds. Road salts are produced from cheap raw materials and therefore it is necessary to avoid high additive costs.
The use of aversive agents according to the invention has the further advantage that the properties of the road salt used are not changed in any way since the proportion of the necessary aversive agents, based on the total weight of the road salt, is extremely small. Thus the application of the denatured road salt is as easy as the application of normal road salt since the aversive agents
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Green Anthony
Hurme Consulting Oy
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