Method for controlling harmful organisms in crops of useful...

Details Method for controlling harmful organisms in crops of useful... Method for controlling harmful organisms in crops of useful...

1999-06-03

2001-12-18

Clardy, S. Mark (Department: 1616)

Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions

Designated organic active ingredient containing

Phosphorus containing other than solely as part of an...

C514S183000, C514S256000, C514S336000, C514S460000, C514S464000, C514S476000, C514S493000, C514S521000, C514S431000

Reexamination Certificate

active

06331531

ABSTRACT:

The invention relates to a method for controlling harmful organisms in crops of Bt cotton.
Genetically modified cotton plants which express toxins from
Bacillus thuringiensis
(Bt) and which are consequently resistant to attack by certain harmful insects are known and are increasingly employed in commercial agriculture (see, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 5,322,938).
Although cotton which is genetically modified in this way already has very good properties, there are still a number of problems, so that a wide scope for improvement still exists.
For example, Bt toxins are not effective against all important cotton pests (see, for example, Flint, H. M. et al. (1995) Southwestern Entomologist 20/3, 281-292), the efficacy is insufficient at a high infestation intensity (see, for example, EPA Hearing Docket OPP-0478 (1997) Plant Pesticides Resistance Management, The Agriculture Program, The Texas A&M University System, College Station, Tex. 77843), Bt-resistance or Bt-cross-resistance may occur (see, for example, Gould, F. et al. (1997) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94, 3519-3523 or Bauer, L. S. (1995) Florida Entomologist 78/3, 414), or particular parts of plants may differ considerably in their insecticidal activity (see, for example, Lozzia, G. C. and Rigamonti, I. E. (1996) Boll. Zool. agr. Buchic Ser II, 28/1, 51-69).
It was therefore another object to provide the most effective and environmentally compatible problem solutions possible for controlling pests of cotton. WO-A 97/45 017 describes a process for controlling Lepidoptera in Bt cotton where an insecticidally active benzoylurea derivative is additionally used. It is not possible to draw conclusions with respect to the activity of other classes of insecticides from this publication.
Surprisingly, it has now been found that certain classes of insecticides show synergistic effects when used in combination with Bt cotton.
The invention therefore provides a method for controlling harmful organisms in genetically modified cotton plants which contain a gene derived from Bacillus thuringiensis which encodes and expresses an insecticidally active protein, which comprises applying an insecticidally effective amount of one or more compounds from the following groups a-f to the plants, to their seeds or propagation stock and/or to the area in which they are cultivated:
a) Organophosphorus compounds:
triazophos (726), monocrotophos (502), methamidophos (479), chlorpyrifos (137), parathion (551), acephate (4), profenofos (594), malathion (448), heptenophos (395);
b) Pyrethroids:
tralomethrin (718), cypermethrin (183), cyhalothrin (179), (lambda)-cyhalothrin (180), deltamethrin (204), fenvalerates (319), (alpha)-cypermethrin (183/184), cyfluthrin (176), fenpropathrin (312), etofenprox (292);
c) Carbamates:
aldicarb (16), bendiocarb (56), carbaryl (106), carbofuran (109), formetanates (369), pirimicarb (583)
d) Biopesticides:
Bacillus thuringiensis
(46, 47), granuloses and nuclear polyhedrosis viruses, beauveria bassiana (52), beauveria brogniartii (53), baculoviruses, such as autographa california;
e) Others:
endosulfan (270), abamectin (1), XDE-105 (754), diafenthiuron (208), fipronil (323), chlorfenapyr (123), tebufenocides (679), fenazaquin (301), imidacloprid (418), triazamates (724), fentin (317), amitraz (22), MK-242;
f) 4-Haloalkyl-3-heterocyclylpyridines and 4-haloalkyl-5-heterocyclylpyrimidines of the formula (I), if appropriate also in the form of their salts,
where the symbols and indices have the following meanings:
Y is halo-C
1
-C
6
-alkyl;
X is CH or N;
m is 0 or 1;
Q is a 5-membered heterocyclic group
 in which
a)
X
1
= W,
X
2
= NR
a
,
X
3
CR
b
R
1
or
b)
X
1
= NR
a
,
X
2
= CR
b
R
1
,
X
3
= W
or
c)
X
1
= V,
X
2
= CR
a
R
1
,
X
3
= NR
b
or
d)
X
1
= V,
X
2
= CR
a
R
2
,
X
3
= CR
b
R
3
or
e)
X
1
= V,
X
2
= CR
4
R
5
,
X
3
= CR
6
R
7
or
f)
X
1
= NR
a
,
X
2
= CR
b
R
1
,
X
3
= NR
8
;
R
a
and R
b
together are a bond
V is oxygen, sulfur or NR
9
;
W is oxygen or sulfur;
R
1
is hydrogen,
(C
1
-C
20
)-alkyl, (C
2
-C
20
)-alkenyl, (C
2
-C
20
)-alkynyl, (C
3
-C
8
)-cycloalkyl,
(C
4
-C
8
)-cycloalkenyl, (C
6
-C
8
)-cycloalkynyl,
where the six last-mentioned radicals are optionally substituted by one or more radicals from the group
 halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxyl, —C(═W)R
10
, —C(═NOR
10
)R
10
,
 —C(═NNR
10
2
)R
10
, —C(═W)OR
10
, —C(═W)NR
10
2
, —OC(═W)R
10
,
 —OC(═W)OR
10
, —NR
10
C(═W)R
10
, —N[C(═W)R
10
]
2
,
 —NRC
10
C(═W)OR
10
, —C(═W)NR
10
—NR
10
2
,
 —C(═W)NR
10
—NR
10
[C(═W)R
10
], —NR
10
—C(═W)NR
10
2
,
 —NR
10
—NR
10
C(═W)R
10
, —NR
10
—N[C(═W)R
10
]
2
, —N[(C═W)R
10
]—NR
10
2
,
 —NR
10
—NR
10
[(C═W)R
10
], —NR
10
—NR
10
[(C═W)WR
10
],
 —NR
10
—R
10
[(C═W)NR
10
2
], —NR
10
(C═NR
10
)R
10
,
 —NR (C═NR
10
)NR
10
2
,
—O—NR
10
2
, —O—NR
10
(C═W)R
10
, —SO
2
NR
10
2
, —NR SO
2
R
10
,
—SO
2
OR
10
, —OSO
2
R
10
, —OR
10
, —NR
10
2
, —SR
10
, —SiR
10
3
,
—SeR
10
, —R
10
2
, —(═W)R
10
2
,
—SOR
10
, —SO
2
R , —PW
2
R
10
2
, —PW
3
R
10
2
, aryl and heterocyclyl,
the two last-mentioned radicals optionally being substituted by one or more radicals from the group
 (C
1
-C
6
)-alkyl, (C
2
-C
6
)-alkenyl, (C
2
-C
6
)-alkynyl, (C
3
-C
8
)-cycloalkyl, (C
4
-C
8
)-cycloalkenyl, (C
6
-C
8
)-cycloalkynyl, (C
1
-C
6
)-haloalkyl, (C
2
-C
6
)-haloalkenyl, (C
2
-C
6
)-haloalkynyl, halogen, —OR
10
, —NR
10
2
, —SR
10
, SiR
10
3
, —C(═W)R
10
, —C(═W)OR
10
, C(W)NR
10
2
, —SOR
10
, —SO
2
R
10
, nitro, cyano and hydroxyl,
aryl,
which is optionally substituted by one or more radicals from the group
(C
1
-C
6
)-alkyl, (C
2
-C
6
)-alkenyl, (C
2
-C
6
)-alkynyl, (C
3
-C
8
)-cycloalkyl, (C
4
-C
8
)-cycloalkenyl and (C
6
-C
8
)-cycloalkynyl, where these six abovementioned radicals are optionally substituted by one or more radicals from the group
 halogen, cyano, nitro, —C(═W)R
10
, —C(═W)OR
10
,
 —C(═W)NR
10
2
, —OR
10
, NR
10
2
, —SR
10
, —SOR
10
and
 —SO
2
R
10
,
halogen, cyano, nitro, —C(═W)R
10
, —C(═NOR )R
10
,
—C(═NNR
10
2
)R
10
, —C(═W)OR
10
, —C(═W)NR
10
2
, —OC(═W)R
10
,
—OC(═W)OR
10
, —NR
10
C(═W)R
10
, —N[C(═W)R
10
]
2
,
—NR
10
C(═W)OR
10
, —OR
10
, —NR
10
2
, —SR
10
, —SiR
10
3 , —PR
10
2
, —SOR
10
, —SO
2
R
10
, —PW
2
R
10
2
and —PW
3
R
10
2
,
heterocyclyl,
which is optionally substituted by one or more radicals from the group
(C
1
-C
6
)-alkyl, (C
2
-C
6
)-alkenyl, (C
2
-C
6
)-alkynyl, (C
3
-C
8
)-cycloalkyl, (C
4
-C
8
)-cycloalkenyl and (C
6
-C
8
)-cycloalkynyl, where the six abovementioned radicals are optionally substituted by one or more radicals from the group
 cyano, nitro, halogen, —C(═W)R
10
, —C(═W)OR
10
,
 —C(═W)NR
10
2
, —NR
10
C(═W)R
10
, —N[C(═W)R
10
]
2
,
 —OC(═W)R
10
, —OC(═W)OR
10
, —OR
10
, —NR
10
2
, —SR
10
,
 —SOR
10
and —SO
2
R
10
,
halogen, cyano, nitro, —C(═W)R
10
, —C(═W)OR
10
,
—C(═W)NR
10
2
, —OC(═W)R
10
, —OR
10
, —NR
10
2
, —SR
10
, —SOR
10
and —SO
2
R
10
,
—OR hu
10
, —NR
10
2
, —SR
10
, —SOR
10
10
, —SO
2
R
10
, —C(═W)R
10
,
—C(═NOR
10
)R
10
, —C(═NNR
10
2
)R
10
, —C(═W)OR
10
,
—C(═W)NR
10
2
, —OC(═W)R
10
, —OC(═W)OR
10
, —NR OC(═W)R
10
,
—N[C(═W)R
10
]
2
, —NR
10
, —(═W)OR
10
, —C(═W)NR
10
, —NR
10
2
,
—C(═W)R
10
, —NR
10
C[(═W)R
10
], —NR
10
—C(═W)R
10
2
, —NR
10
—NR
10
C(═W)R
10
, —NR
10
—NC(═W)R
10
2
, —N(C═W)R
10
—NR
10
2
,
—NR
10
, —NR
10
[(C═W)R
10
], —NR
10
—NR
10
[(C═W)WR
10
], —NR
10
—NR
10
[(C═W)NR
10
2
], —NR
10
(C═NR
10
)R
10
,
—NR
10
(C═NR
10
)NR
10
2
, —O—NR
10
2
, —O—NR
10
(C═W)

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