Hydraulic and earth engineering – Earth treatment or control – Chemical
Reexamination Certificate
1999-08-18
2001-12-11
Bagnell, David (Department: 3673)
Hydraulic and earth engineering
Earth treatment or control
Chemical
C405S266000, C405S275000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06328503
ABSTRACT:
TECHNICAL FIELD
This invention relates to a construction method for underground structures such as basements and a ground excavation method as well as to an excavation equipment and a steel reinforcing bar fixing tool used for said method.
BACKGROUND ART
The conventional practice for constructing underground structures such as basements has been to excavate the ground, erect formwork, pour concrete and backfill.
This method requires use of earth-retaining sheathing to prevent the ground from collapsing and necessitates laborious tasks of erecting formwork, pouring concrete, removing the formwork after the concrete has hardened and backfilling the soil.
An object of this invention is to permit precise construction of underground structures with smooth wall surfaces by using simple equipment.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
A plate assembly is driven into the ground in a parallel arrangement and doubles as a formwork and earth-retaining sheathing while the soil between the plates is removed to create a cavity, and steel reinforcement members or a steel-reinforcement cage are placed in position to pour concrete, thereby eliminating need for erection of formwork as it is possible to withdraw and remove at least the plate on the inner wall of the underground structure prior to the hardening of the concrete.
The invention also permits simple execution of the formwork and earth-retaining work in that the plates are aligned with a hollow body and concomitantly driven into the ground, with the plates being left in the ground while the hollow body is withdrawn. The arrangement permits excavation by providing a shutter at the bottom of the hollow body, with the soil being introduced into the cavity and removed as the hollow body is withdrawn with the soil in it. The shutter is opened when the hollow body is buried into the ground and closes when it is drawn soil contained therein.
In more specific terms, the shutter is installed in such a manner as to be capable of rotating at the bottom of the hollow body or at the lower edge of discharge hole, thereby causing the shutter to open and close automatically in accordance with the soil pressure and soil weight.
A different type of shutter is constructed in a shape of a plate structure located alongside of the hollow body in such a manner that when the shutter is driven downward from the top by means of a rod its orientation is changed in horizontal direction by guide members provided in the hollow body and the bottom of the hollow body is sealed off by the shutter.
It is possible to form a groove space to required length by burying the hollow body while connecting the guides with guide joints provided on either side of the hollow body.
The groove space is formed by driving a continuous arrangement of three hollow bodies provided with guide joints into the ground and withdrawing the hollow body in the middle to form a groove space, while the remaining hollow bodies on either side are supported by plates to permit location of a strut member in the space between these plates.
Since a corner can be accurately positioned by means of the guide joints of the hollow body and auxiliary plates in such a manner that the corner can be positioned at any angle, it is possible to form underground structures of diverse shapes.
Reinforcing bars for forming walls of the underground structure include reinforcing bars that form connections with a floor and ceiling reinforcing bars, and the latter are previously coated with a coating and installed in the groove space by bending them, with the coating being removed after the concrete has hardened, thereby exposing the reinforcement bars and extending them in the direction towards the floor and ceiling for connection with the reinforcing bars of the floor and ceiling.
Horizontal reinforcing bars connected by means of fixtures provided with welded-on U-shaped hooks matching the distance between the horizontal reinforcing members are fixed in position to prevent their displacement from the required position under the pressure of the concrete while being poured.
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Bagnell David
Fay Sharpe Fagan Minnich & McKee LLP
Lee Jong-Suk
Yuy Architects and Engineers Co., Ltd.
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