Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Plant material or plant extract of undetermined constitution...
Reexamination Certificate
2001-09-20
2003-07-08
Lilling, Herbert J. (Department: 1651)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Plant material or plant extract of undetermined constitution...
C424S047000, C424S065000, C424S074000, C424S828000, C424S811000, C424S811000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06589571
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The invention is concerned with a method for combating summer eczema and malanders (Scurf) caused by the gnats of the species
Culicoides pulicularis
as well as the cosmetic consequences with an external application of a suitable composition which contains components of plants of the genus Equisetum.
2. Background and Review of the Prior Art
The so-called summer eczema, which in the case of animals, also incorrectly called summer mange, is due to a hypersensitivity reaction of mammals (for example, horses, cattle, but also humans) to the contents of the saliva of gnats of the species
Culicoides pulicularis,
which are generally called in the vernacular in Germany “Gnietzen,” “Bartmücken” (Bearded gnat), “Sandmücken” (sand flies), or “Kriebelmücken” (Columbatz gnat). These insects, which are only up to 2 mm in size, can be found in all biogeographic regions of the earth and are observed in the Northern Hemisphere, depending upon the weather and sometimes also on the region, from March-April to October-November. The gnats prefer mainly the areas of skin where there is a transition from hairy to less hairy skin. Thus, in the case of humans, it is mostly at the hairline, eyebrows, skin at the collars, sleeves, hosiery that are bitten and, in the case of mammalian animals, especially horses, near the forelock and the crown of the mane, at the croup as well as in skin areas where the hair stands up, such as the cowlick under the abdomen and on the flanks.
The reaction to the bite is highly varied; it can involve development of a rash and long-lasting itching or itching that occurs at intervals. Especially in the case of horses, they may suffer severe skin damage due to itching, including loss of hair at the mane, at the tail, and other body regions. Summer eczema is spread worldwide in the cases of horses: in Great Britain it is called “sweet itch,” in Australia, “Queen's itch,” and in Japan, “Kasen disease.”
Malanders is a skin disease in the distal area of the limbs, widespread in hoofed animals, especially in horses and quite especially in carthorses. The disease begins as an eczema aquamosum or madidans (eczematous or regular or chapped malanders) in the fetlock joint bend, especially of the hind legs with white markings, produced by moisture, wetness, dirt during thawing, paths with droppings, and can develop to Dermatitis verrucosa with the formation of cauliflower-like growths with foul-smelling secretion. Other symptoms are the development of little blisters and cracks, painful reddening and swelling of the pasterns, strong wetness of the transfer folds which frequently become cracked, sores under sticky hairs, with strong thickening of the skin (callused malanders). After healing of the cracks, welts and ulcers, mostly severe peeling occurs (squamous eczema) and bulging skin sclerosis.
Gangrenous malanders develop as a result of additional anaerobic infection. It progresses very typically in an acute case: painful, hot ulcer with redness in the fetlock joint (erythema), lymphangitic swelling of the entire area, especially upward, lameness and fever. Suddenly, at a certain location, a bluish color appears which will partly become insensitive, dry and rough, the hairs stand on end and after a few days, gangrenous dying of a piece of the skin, together with the surrounding cell tissue occurs, followed by discharge of pus and rejection of the discolored, leather-like part (rejecting malanders-literal).
Equisetum, especially the species
Equisetum arvense
(also called “field horse tail”), in the vernacular also tin-weed, since this species, which is widespread as a weed, was used earlier for the cleaning of tin equipment, and
Equisetum hiemale
were presumably used as healing plants in ancient times, but in recent times, Equisetum was brought back to memory above all by Kneipp.
The active ingredients of the weed
Equisetum arvense
are silicic acid (partly in the soluble form), equisetonin (saponin), a bitter substance, small amounts of 3-methoxypyridine, nicotine, palustrin, isoquercitrin, galueteolin, dimethylsulfone, resin, fat, aconitic acid and other acids, vitamin C, enzymes, and polyenoic acids.
External application of Equisetum has also been known recently. DD-62 640 uses an extract of herba Equiseti together with skin-care and hair-care agents which contain organ preparations, to compensate for the strong odor of organ preparations. The use of Equisetum components in the form of pulverized plants as an antiperspirant is described in DE-A-32 07 005.
Equisetum arvense
in the form of an aqueous or glycol extract in soaps, fats, oils, is mentioned as a skin-firming agent in the Zeitshcrift für die Fett-, Öl-, Tensid-, Kosmetik- und Pharmaindustrie, 115(10), 1989, p. 331-338, Table 6, p. 338. As a decoction (10 g/1000 mL), Equiseta herbs (
Equisetum arvense
), obtained standard approval of the Bundes-gesundheitsamt (Federal Health Office) for use in bandages for supporting treatment of poorly healing wounds (Deutsche Apotheker Zeitung, 132 (No. 37), 1992, p. 1876).
DEA-A-43 14 131 discloses the external use of Equisetum in psoriasis. DE-A-43 18 655 discloses the external use of Equisetum in burns, sun allergies, allergic contact skin diseases, dandruff, pain the muscles, tendons, ligaments, joints and neuralgic pain, pain caused by gout, as well as in the case of fungus in the nails, bad skin, pimples and acne.
Lavender oil is used mainly in the area of cosmetics as an odor-correcting agent, and it is supposed to have a calming influence.
In DE-A 42 37 551, a synergistically acting composition of Equisetum and lavender is disclosed as a means to combat dermatomycoses, of their pathogens as well as seating and body odor.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,265,902 describes a systemic administration of allantoin to horses which suffer eczema at the tail and mane.
The expression “treatment” means amelioration of the symptoms and/or healing of the symptoms of summer eczema and malanders, the prevention of the related diseases and/or cosmetic symptoms, where possible post-treatment with the composition administered according to the invention should also be included.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The task of the invention is to provide a method for combating summer eczema caused in humans and mammalian animals by the gnat species
Culicoides pulicularis
as well as the malanders that occurs in hoofed animals.
This task is solved by a method for therapeutic treatment of a mammal which suffers from summer eczema caused by gnats of the species
Culicoides pulicularis
and malanders, especially from the cosmetic consequences or is at risk to suffer from it, which includes the following: application of a certain composition which contains components of plants of the genus Equisetum to mammals which suffer from summer eczema caused by gnats of the species
Culicoides pulicularis
or is at risk to suffer from it.
Surprisingly, it was found that the composition used according to the method of the invention ameliorates or eliminates within a short period of time the itching of summer eczema and the chafing that is caused by the itching in horses, and, in addition to that, it stops summer eczema and heals it. The animals become quiet again and the hair is growing again in the places where it fell out.
The species
Equisetum arvense
or
Equisetum hiemale
are preferred in the area of healing and cosmetics.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
As a starting material for the composition used for the method according to the invention, which contains components of the plants of the genus Equisetum, numerous pharmaceutical preparations of the plant are possible. For example, one can use powdered, finely cut, freeze-dried, spray-dried components or a juice or an oily, pasty, syrup-lie preparation, preferably in an aqueous-alcoholic extract of the plant. These preparations are either available commercially or their production can be derived by the expert (see, for example, Paul Heinz List and Peter C. Schmidt, “Technology of Plant Drug Preparation,” Wisse
Baker & Daniels
Lilling Herbert J.
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