Metal fusion bonding – Process – Plural filler applying
Patent
1998-06-22
2000-12-05
Ryan, Patrick
Metal fusion bonding
Process
Plural filler applying
228103, 228105, 21912422, 2191245, B23K 9127
Patent
active
061554758
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a method for automatic multi-layer welding of a joint formed by two joint surfaces according to which method the contour of the joint in a number of cross-sections is established by means of a sensor, such as an optical or mechanical sensor emitting signals representative of the contour of the joint in the current cross-section of the joint, which signals after evaluation control the deposition of the weld beads by means of a continuously fed electrode which is directed towards a welding zone in the joint, said sensor being caused to measure points of the present contour of the joint in the current section which essentially define the cross-section of the joint and are positioned on the joint edges, the joint sides and the joint bottom of the joint, the area (P.sub.pn) of the polygon determined by the measured points being calculated, the mean value (P.sub.pm) of said polygon areas being calculated, a mean amount of welding material per unit of length corresponding to the mean value of the polygon areas of the cross-sections of the joint being determined and the amount of welding material per unit of length for each cross-section of the joint being calculated as a function of the mean amount of welding material per unit of length and the ratio of the polygon area (P.sub.pn) of the cross-section of the joint to the mean value of the polygon areas (P.sub.pm).
In welding, account must be taken of the variations in the cross-sectional area of the weld joint along the joint. The cross-sectional area is determined, on the one hand, by the contour of the joint and, on the other hand, by a line which connects the two joint edges. In the following, this line will be referred to as the interconnection line. The cross-section of the joint often differs from the ideal shape, for example a V-shape, U-shape etc. In the case of long joints, the width of the joint usually varies, and the joint edges are often offset relative to each other, so called edge offset. The cross-sectional area along the joint therefore alters continuously on account of the geometric imperfections of the joint, which are caused by production-engineering reasons, inter alia in the preparation the joint and change of shape during the very welding operation. In automatic welding in particular, it must be possible for these variations in the joint cross-section along the joint to be recorded, both with respect to the joint area and the joint shape so that the beads can be deposited in such a manner that a joint which is even and filled to both joint edges is obtained. In manual or semi-automatic welding, the welder can vary the welding parameters, for example the welding speed, in order to compensate for irregularities in the weld joint. In the case of automatic welding, such adaptation of the welding to these variations must be effected entirely automatically.
EP-B1-12962 describes a method of the type mentioned in the introduction. On the basis of the actual joint width scanned by a sensor, the number of weld beads to be deposited alongside each other is selected automatically, and the transition from one bead to the next is carried out in accordance with a specific procedure. However, during the welding, no account is taken of the variations in the cross-section of the joint which is affected not only by the joint width, but also to a significant extent by said edge offset.
In another proposal--U.S. Pat. No. 4,608,481--the joint is filled by means of an oscillating movement of the electrode, the shape of the joint being scanned at the same time by, for example, measuring the arc voltage during the oscillating movement at certain relative positions of the welding burner in relation to the workpiece. This procedure requires additional arrangements for the oscillating movement and separate control equipment for this movement.
To perform multi-layer welding while automatically controlling the position of a welding torch and the welding conditions based on the cross-section of the groove to be welded is also previously known, s
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Ekelof Bengt
Sandstrom Lars
Esab AB
Ryan Patrick
Stoner Kley
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