Boots – shoes – and leggings
Patent
1995-05-23
1997-11-25
Elmore, Reba I.
Boots, shoes, and leggings
226 10, 226 15, 226 74, 226 35, 364470, 3644742, 364550, 36447103, G06F 1900, G06G 764, G06G 766
Patent
active
056919085
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method and a device for actuator identification, that is to say, more precisely, for spatially assigning actuators and their effects during the transverse profile control of a continuous material web, in particular of a paper web or plastic.
In processes for continuously producing webs of material, for example webs of film or paper, material profiles transverse to the web, such as the thickness transverse profile or basis weight transverse profile, determine the quality of the product and must therefore be met very precisely. Available in this case for control actions at the start of the process are a number of actuators arranged transverse to the material web, for example spindles, by means of which the inflow of the material at the start of the process can be more or less released. Undergoing gradual strengthening, the material web traverses the process, and its transverse profile is measured at the end of the process in a spatially discrete fashion. For specific correction of a deviation from the desired transverse profile, established by measurement at the end of the process, it is necessary to know which actuator acts on which point of the material web at the end of the process, that is to say which actuator causes which measured data. This assignment varies owing to the characteristics of the process, in particular to the unknown shrinkage of the material.
Two methods are usual for determining the spatial assignment between actuator and measuring point--also termed mapping: one consists in applying colored markings to the material at the location of the actuator, and the second method, characterized as the "Bump Test", consists in deflecting an actuator so strongly that a significant change in transverse profile can be measured at the web end. If the effect at the web end is recorded and if the relationship between its position and the site of the cause at the start of the web is determined, the result is the assignment being sought. Both methods have the disadvantage that they render the material web partially unusable, or at least worsen its characteristics owing to the discoloration undertaken or the change in the weight or the thickness.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is the object of the invention to specify a method and a device for actuator identification which do not have this disadvantage.
This object is achieved according to the invention by means of the features specified in patent claim 1 or 8.
The method according to the invention produces the advantage that no detectable traces are left behind on the material and yet it becomes possible to identify the actuator reliably.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Together with its further embodiments, which are characterized in subclaims, the invention is to be illustrated in more detail below with the aid of the figures.
FIG. 1 shows a general block diagram for a process computer system suitable for carrying out the method according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows a diagram of the production process for paper web.
FIG. 3 shows an assumed characteristic of changes in transverse profile occurring within the noise level, as a consequence of corresponding actuation of the actuators.
FIGS. 4 to 6 show superimposition diagrams for different iteration steps on the basis of changes in manipulated variables (minibumps) in accordance with FIG. 3.
FIG. 7 shows a mean value of the transverse profile determined from a number of successive measurements for the case of a paper machine.
FIGS. 8 to 11 show superimposition diagrams, obtained with the aid of the method according to the invention, for different iteration steps in the case of the deflection of three actuators.
FIG. 12 shows, together with its characterizing quantities, a shape of measuring signal typical of an actuator to be identified.
FIG. 13 shows a corresponding shape of measuring signal which can be observed in practice.
FIG. 14 shows the principle of the structure of a hierarchically stepped fuzzy-logic controller.
FIG.
REFERENCES:
patent: 3774016 (1973-11-01), Sterns et al.
patent: 4720808 (1988-01-01), Repsch
patent: 4752079 (1988-06-01), Fahrner
patent: 5298122 (1994-03-01), Munch et al.
patent: 5541832 (1996-07-01), Nakajima et al.
Soviet Intentions Illustrated, Section E1. Electrical, 27 Aug. 1980, Derwent Publications Ltd., London, SU 699 525 (Vibropribor).
Elmore Reba I.
Marc McDieunel
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
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