Patent
1995-03-20
1998-02-10
MacDonald, Allen R.
395 215, 395 217, 395 267, 395 277, G10L 702
Patent
active
057178216
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
This invention relates to a signal encoding apparatus and a signal encoding method to which there is applied such a system of encoding information such as digital data, etc. to carry out encoding of input digital data by so called efficient encoding to transmit and record encoded data; a decoding apparatus and a decoding method to which there is applied such a system of decoding information such as digital encoded data, etc. to decode encoded data obtained by reproduction or transmission to provide reproduced signals; and a recording medium on which signals encoded by such encoding apparatus or method are recorded.
Background Art
Hitherto, there are various efficient encoding techniques for audio signals or speech signals, etc. For example, there can be enumerated band division coding (Sub Band Coding (SBC)) which is a non-blocking frequency band division system to divide an audio signal, etc. on a time base into signal components in a plurality of frequency bands for every predetermined unit time without implementing blocking thereto to encode them; so called transform coding which is a blocking frequency band division system to divide a signal on a time base into blocks for every predetermined unit time to transform respective signals on a time base into signals on the frequency base every respective block (spectrum transform processing) to divide signals transformed in this way into signal components in a plurality of frequency bands to encode them for every respective frequency band, and the like. Moreover, there has been also already proposed efficient coding techniques in which the band division coding and the transform coding described above are combined. In this case, for example, a signal on a time base is divided into signals in a plurality of bands by the above-mentioned band division coding thereafter to spectrum-transform the signals for every respective band into signals on frequency base to implement coding to the spectrum-transformed signals for every respective band.
Here, as filter for band division used in the above-mentioned band division coding technique, or the above-mentioned combined efficient coding technique, etc., there is a filter, QMF, etc. Such a filter is described in 1976 R. E. Crochiere Digital coding of speech in subbands Bell Syst. Tech. J. Vol. 55, No. 8 1976. Moreover, a filter division technique of equal bandwidth is described in ICASSP 83, BOSTON Polyphase Quadrature filters--A new subband coding technique Joseph H. Rothweiler.
Further, as the above-described spectrum transform processing, there is, such a spectrum transform processing to divide an input audio signal into blocks for every predetermined unit time (frame) to carry out Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT), Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) or Modified DCT Transform (MDCT), etc., for every respective block thus to transform signals on the time base into signals on the frequency base. The above-mentioned MDCT is described in ICASSP 1987 Subband/Transform Coding Using Filter Bank Designs Based on Time Domain Aliasing Cancellation J. P. Princen A. B. Bradley Univ. of Surrey Royal Melbourne Inst. of Tech.
By quantizing signals divided for every band by filter or spectrum transform processing in this way, it is possible to control bands where quantizing noises take place, and to carry out more efficient coding from a viewpoint of that hearing sense by making use of the property of the masking effect, etc. Moreover, in this case, when an approach is employed to carry out normalization for every respective band by taking the maximum value of absolute values of signal components in respective corresponding bands prior to implementation of quantization, further efficient coding can be carried out.
Moreover, as a technique for carrying out frequency band division by frequency division width for quantizing respective frequency components divided for every frequency band, there is carried out band division in which the hearing sense characteristic of the human being is taken into consideration. Namely,
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Heddle Robert
Tsutsui Kyoya
MacDonald Allen R.
Smits Talivaldis Ivars
Sony Corporation
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