Communications: directive radio wave systems and devices (e.g. – Radar for meteorological use
Patent
1994-09-23
1996-07-09
Sotomayor, John B.
Communications: directive radio wave systems and devices (e.g.,
Radar for meteorological use
342460, G01S 1395
Patent
active
055348688
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a system for the detection and measurement of velocity, turbulence, vorteces and similar irregularities or phenomena in air, including classification of such phenomena. These may comprise the wind velocity vector, clear air turbulence as well as aircraft induced vorteces and turbulence. Detection and measurement as contemplated here takes place by means of electromagnetic waves.
The invention also comprises transmitter and receiver equipment for use in the system, as well as an associated method.
The invention is primarily directed to radar-based technology for the measurement of wind, wind shear, aircraft wave vorteces and turbulence affecting air traffic safety. Thus, a simple and inexpensive bistatic radar is described theoretically and with practical examples.
In general various and different fields of use of this invention will be possible, such as for meteorological purposes.
A general background of interest in this connection can be found in the following publications:
REFERENCES
troposphere by scatter-propagation methods. IEE Monograph No 510E, April. forward-scatter wave propagation experiments. Radio Science, Vol 4, No 12, pp 1195-1201, December. measurements and atmospheric stability. J of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol 26, February. Principles & applications. Peter Peregrinus Ltd, London. objects and scattering surfaces based on electromagnetic waves. Target Adaptive Matched illumination radar (TAMIR). Radar 1989.
Reference to publications listed above will be made in the following description,
More particularly reference is made at this point to published European patent application No. 436,048A1, which is directed to a method and system for measuring atmospheric wind fields, i.e. to problems related to those with which the present invention is concerned. Thus, according to EP 436,048A1 an air volume under investigation is illuminated by a transmitter with a beam of coherent electromagnetic energy and a resulting, i.e. reflected wave field is received and subsequently coherently demodulated and processed to derive information on the atmospheric phenomena of interest.
It is to be noted that the known method and system just referred to, is based on resulting waves due to coherent back-scattering (reflection) of transmitted VHF or UHF frequencies, which means that desired performance with respect to accuracy, resolution, flexibility and degrees of freedom in available functions and measurements, is not attained.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Substantial improvements in these and other respects are obtained in the system according to the present invention, which basically uses microwave frequencies and measures coherent forward scatter waves. The novel and specific features according to this invention are set out more completely in the claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The invention as well as resulting advantages will be explained more in detail in the following description, referring also to the drawings in which:
FIG. 1 schematically illustrates the overall system according to the invention, with exemplary embodiments of transmitter and receiver arrangements,
FIG. 2 shows examples of wavenumber spectra of interest in connection with wind-shear phenomena,
FIG. 3 is a table of relationships characterizing the scattering from wind-shear phenomena,
FIG. 4 is a diagram with curves illustrating the theoretical relationship between the measured quantity and the slope of the refractive-index spectrum,
FIG. 5 illustrates an interference pattern resulting from transmission of two closely spaced frequencies from two different apertures,
FIG. 6 schematically shows an interferometric radar system with two apertures,
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of the general multi-frequency bistatic radar system according to the invention, with indications of relevant variables in the system,
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing as an example the effect of using 16 antennas and 16 frequencies in a common, monostatic radar system,
FIG. 9 shows a three-dimensiona
REFERENCES:
patent: Re33152 (1990-01-01), Atlas
patent: 3251057 (1966-05-01), Buehler et al.
patent: 4665401 (1987-05-01), Garrard et al.
patent: 5077558 (1991-12-01), Kuntman
patent: 5136296 (1992-08-01), Roettger et al.
patent: 5173704 (1992-12-01), Buehler et al.
patent: 5198819 (1993-03-01), Susnjara
patent: 5241315 (1993-08-01), Spinhirne
patent: 5359330 (1994-10-01), Rubin et al.
patent: 5410314 (1995-04-01), Frush et al.
patent: 5434570 (1995-07-01), Wurman
patent: 5469169 (1995-11-01), Frush
patent: 5471211 (1995-11-01), Randall et al.
Gjessing Dag K.
Hjelmstad Jens F.
Sotomayor John B.
Susar A/S
LandOfFree
Method and system for the detection and measurement of air pheno does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Method and system for the detection and measurement of air pheno, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Method and system for the detection and measurement of air pheno will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-1870264