Measuring and testing – Liquid level or depth gauge – Hydrostatic pressure type
Patent
1998-03-24
1999-11-16
Felber, Joseph L.
Measuring and testing
Liquid level or depth gauge
Hydrostatic pressure type
7315227, G01F 2314
Patent
active
059837160
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention covers a procedure for measuring hydrostatic pressure, especially that of ground water.
The invention also includes a ground water measuring device with a data collector, a measured data recorder and an active link between the measured data recorder and the data collector.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
A very important aspect of hydrological measurement practice is continuous monitoring of the water table, since this is needed for resolving environmental problems caused by manmade developments.
Water occurs naturally in the form of surface water and ground water. In the surface water category are rivers, streams, lakes and oceans. The water level of surface water is normally easily accessible which makes installation of equipment for measuring and recording this level relatively easy.
By contrast boreholes have to be sunk in order to monitor ground water feeds, and these are normally constructed using 2" to 6" pipes. These pipes are normally capped to prevent unauthorised access.
The requirements of a ground water measuring system are very exacting because of local environmental conditions and specifications imposed by measurement network operators. Some of these requirements are listed below.
Nowadays a large number of measurement systems are available for measuring water levels. But in the light of the overall requirements outlined above not all measurement procedures are suitable for measuring ground water in conjunction with electronic data collectors.
Measurement procedures so far invented can basically be placed in two categories, those measuring length and those measuring pressure. Those measuring length include all measurement systems operated by means of floats with angle encoders, acoustical and optical procedures and measurement using conductivity levels. Those measuring pressure include all systems such as pneumatic pressure recording (introduction of air bubbles) and electronic pressure measurement (piezo resistant, capacitative etc.)
For the purposes of ground water measurement the only systems to have proven themselves in practice are measurement of length by means of floats with angle encoders and electronic pressure measurement. There is a DVWK paper, Issue 107: Ground Water Measurement Devices, Bonn, 1994 which provides a current overview of the use of ground water measurement systems.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Based on a process for measuring hydrostatic pressure, particularly of ground water, as described at the outset of this document, the task performed as the basis of this invention is to implement such a process in a container with a very small diameter compared with general technological standards, and to do so in a manner which is resistant to water condensate, saves a great deal of power, works independently and costs very little to actually produce measurements.
The ground water measurement device outlined above has to operate at the lowest possible diameter independently of any source of energy which is not part of the system and must be designed to resist water condensate and to be energy efficient, whilst being located in a small-diameter pipe, for example 2 inches.
The surprising way of achieving this with the present process is for air to be bubbled into the ground water with the measurement pipe pressure being relayed to an absolute pressure cell and with atmospheric pressure then being applied to the same measuring cell.
This is achieved with the deployment of a ground water measurement device of the above type with a data collector, measured data recorder and an active link between measured data recorder and data collector by means of a piston-driven pump which bubbles air into the water together with an integrated valve function to open and close the measurement pipe while simultaneously controlling pressure in the measurement pipe and atmospheric pressure.
It has not been overlooked that the process of bubbling air into water has been used highly successfully for the measurement of water levels in surface waters. For this the ou
REFERENCES:
patent: 1692163 (1928-11-01), Farman
Baur Heinrich
Felder Anton
Fend Peter
Mainka Jurgen
Schick Franz
Dishong George W.
Felber Joseph L.
OTT Messtechnik GmbH & Co. KG
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