Power plants – Motive fluid energized by externally applied heat – Single state motive fluid energized by indirect heat transfer
Patent
1982-06-03
1985-03-05
Ostrager, Allen M.
Power plants
Motive fluid energized by externally applied heat
Single state motive fluid energized by indirect heat transfer
60519, 60650, F02G 104
Patent
active
045022844
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
This application is a national phase application of PCT/R081/00005 filed Sept. 7, 1981 and based upon a Romanian application No. 102 311 of Oct. 8, 1980 under the International Convention.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention refers to a method as well as to an engine which make it possible to obtain a process of quasi-isothermal compression or expansion, i.e., a process in which the temperature of the working agent keeps nearly steady while undergoing practically insignificant variations all during the compression or expansion processes in any thermodynamic cycle subject to such transformations.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Some methods have been developed with a view to obtaining a quasi-isothermal compression or expansion process, according to which, in order to obtain the theoretical condition of an isothermal transformation, i.e., the maintenance of equality between the mechanic work received during the compression phase or yielded during the expansion phase and the heat evacuated during the compression phase or the heat absorbed during the expansion phase respectively, the work space of variable size of an engine has been connected to a cooled heat exchanger, consisting of one or more heat exchange units, in series, during the compression phase and a heated heat exchanger during the expansion phase (U.S. Pat. No. 3,867,815). This method has the disadvantage that the volume of the heat exchangers adds to the volume of the dead space, detemined by the constructive parameters of the work space of variable size, thus preventing high compression ratios from being reached. In addition, owing to the fact that only one heat-exchanger is used, the equality between the received or transferred machanic work and the evacuated or absorbed heat respectively, cannot be ensured at any instant, consequently, the transformation curve moves significantly away from the theoretical isothermal curve, thereby damaging the efficiency of the cycle on the whole. Then there are also Stirling external combustion engines built according to different principles, in which, after the compression phase, the working agent is cooled inside a heat exchanger, afterwords run through a regenerator and finally introduced into a heated expansion space (Stirling engine, by G. Walker). This type of external combustion engines has the disadvantage of not being able to reach higher compression values, thereby affecting the general output of the engine.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to the present invention, the above mentioned disadvantages are eliminated, in order to obtain certain transformations as close to the theoretical isothermal transformation as possible while preserving as high a compression or expansion ratio as possible, the volume of the heat exchangers does not add to the volume of the dead space determined by the constructive parameters of the working space of variable size because heat exchangers independent of each other, are provided in either of which the working agent runs intermittently in only one direction. These heat-exchangers are successively and cyclically connected to and disconnected from the working spaces of variable size, the duration of the connection between this working space and one of the independent exchangers is two phased, namely: in the isothermal compression, during the first phase there is a flow of the working agent from one cooled independent heat-exchanger into a working space of varriable size, until the pressures in the two spaces become equal; the working process is polytropic, the working agent in the working space conveying the heat to the working agent which comes from the exchanger, in the second phase the flow of the working agent is from the working space into the exchanger carrying the afferent heat, while the total compressed gas mass transmits the heat by means of the cooled independent exchanger; in the expansion isotherm, in the first phase, the flow of the working agent is from the working space of variable size into a heate
REFERENCES:
patent: 3169375 (1965-02-01), Velthuis
patent: 3698184 (1972-10-01), Barrett
patent: 3867815 (1975-02-01), Barrett
patent: 4009573 (1977-03-01), Satz
patent: 4089174 (1978-05-01), Posnansky
Dubno Herbert
Institutul Natzional de Motoare Termice
Ostrager Allen M.
Ross Karl F.
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