Wells – Processes – With indicating – testing – measuring or locating
Patent
1988-08-31
1990-02-06
Kisliuk, Bruce M.
Wells
Processes
With indicating, testing, measuring or locating
166 66, 166385, 166386, 166308, E21B 3414, E21B 4700
Patent
active
048982415
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a method and a device allowing measurements and/or interventions to be made in a well at the level of the surrounding formations, in particular of formations subjected to hydraulic compression. The invention applies in particular when measurements are to be taken and/or interventions carried out at the level of geologic formations located in a first zone which is to be isolated from the rest of the well when a hydraulic fluid is injected under pressure into a second zone in order to fracture the formations (hydraulic fracturing process).
Previous hydraulic fracturing techniques have been described for example in U.S. Pat. No. 3,427,652.
The measures taken in practicing the present invention may, for example, include triaxial recording of sounds produced by the rocks stressed in this manner. Analysis of vibrations detected allows the orientation of the sound source and hence the direction of propagation of the fracture to be defined. This analysis technique is well known to geophysicists and will not be described here in greater detail.
Techniques in the prior art for determining the propagation of fractures in the ground are described, for example, in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,739,871 and 3,775,739.
The measurements made may also include recording the pressure and temperature at the bottom and measurement (focused or unfocused) of the electrical resistivity of the formations and listening to and recording sounds created by the flow of fluids produced by the geological formations.
These measurements may be supplemented by viewing the well walls with a television canera, for example.
One of the purposes of the invention is to supply a device and a method for preventing fluid, supplying a zone of the well subjected to hydraulic compression, from leaking out of the pressurized casing and influencing themeasurements made particularly in this compression zone.
In one embodiment, the invention in particular allows a set of one or more measuring and/or intervention instruments to be moved, particularly in the well zone subjected to compression, in order to put them in position.
The invention also allows a set of instruments placed at the lower end of the casing to be protected from external mechanical action when they are lowered into the well toward the compression zone.
In another embodiment, the invention permits a compression zone with good hydraulic isolation in which measurements may be made, and permits another non-compressed zone, outside and below the latter, in which measurements and/or interventions are made.
French Pat. No. FR-2,544,013 teaches a device and a method for carrying out measurements and/or inteventions in a well or in a zone of the well subjected to hydraulic compression. However, this prior solution, which allowed a set of instruments to be positioned before or during hydraulic compresion and which ensured protection of the instrument set while it was being positioned, is particularly sensitive to fluid leaks in the casing.
The measurements and/or interventions are carried out with a set of instruments connected to the surface by a cable.
The invention furnishes a method for carrying out measurements and/or interventions in a well having a first zone where hydraulic compression is effected, such as hydraulic fracturing, and a second zone where the measurements and/or interventions are carried out.
In this method, a set of one or more measuring and/or intervention instruments is introduced into the well at the lower end of a casing, with the compression zone being connected by the casing to hydraulic pressurization means, the set being connected to the surface by a cable located inside the casing and mechanically uncoupled from the casing by an elastic link such as a link cable. The method is particularly characterized by the control, at a point in the casing close to the fracturing zone, of all flows of fracturing fluid coming from or going to the fracturing zone, by means of a control element commanded at least partially by the cable from the surface, the control
REFERENCES:
patent: 4108243 (1978-08-01), King et al.
patent: 4553599 (1985-11-01), Glotin
patent: 4690214 (1987-09-01), Wittrisch
Institut Francais du Pe'trole
Kisliuk Bruce M.
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