Liquid purification or separation – Processes – Separating
Patent
1990-11-29
1992-01-28
Dawson, Robert A.
Liquid purification or separation
Processes
Separating
159 401, 159 404, 159 481, 159 482, 210774, 210 961, 210103, 426471, B01D 116
Patent
active
050841882
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention concerns a process and a device for the separation of matter suspended or dissolved in a liquid and their fields of application.
Different procedures and means of separating matter contained in a liquid are already known, among which the mains ones are: decantation, evaporation, filtration and centrifuging.
Decantation and evaporation require rather large surface areas and call for rather slow physical processes that limit their capacity.
Filtration can be considered only for liquids that are not highly charged and do not cause the filters to clog too quickly, which translates into losses in charge, gradually reducing the flow and, consequently, the output of the equipment.
Centrifugin, which permits especially precise, selective separation of the particles, can be considered only for conversion of small volumes of specific fluids.
This invention is aimed at correcting these disadvantages by solving the problem of defining a process and creating a device for very precise, very complete separation of the liquid and solid elements forming a fluid on a very large flow area.
The process for separation of matter in suspension or solution in a liquid, according to the invention, consists of very finely spraying the fluid into an air flow, so as to obtain almost instantaneous vaporization of the liquid elements, thus causing precipitation by gravity of the solid elements resulting from the crystallization of the dissolved matter and separation of the matter in suspension, and their concentrations on a collection area located downstream from the sprayer in relation to the direction of the air flow.
The flow of fluid and the fineness of its spray are determined by the concentration of matter in suspension or in solution, depending on the pressure, temperature, hygrometry and speed of the air flow.
For a certain drop D between the spray gradient R and the collection area A, the size of the drops of liquid is regulated so that they evaporate completely before reaching the limits of the collection area A and before any of the solid phase falls onto it.
The gaseous phase of the liquid is condensed after reaching the limits of the collection area A.
The gaseous phase of the liquid is filtered before condensation S and the liquid is recycled after condensation.
For certain special fields of application, the liquid can be charged when it goes into the spray heads by using specific charges.
The device in the invention consists chiefly of a beam, supported by poles, to which are attached spray heads, constituting the gradient R, fed in closed circuit via branches on a conduit, drawing from a vat via a filter and a hand pump and discharging into the same vat via a motorized valve, where the collection area A for the solid phase of the charged liquid is placed perpendicularly to the spray gradient R.
The motorized valve or the flow of the motorized pump is controlled by two sensors measuring the temperature and the hygrometry of the air, respectively.
The motors driving the spray heads, constituting the gradient R, are powered with electrical energy by a converter controlled by an anemometric sensor located in the air flow.
According to one particular version of the device in the invention, the collection area A overhangs a conveyor belt for mechanically moving the collection to a processing place.
According to yet another version, the conveyor belt, covered by the collection area A, transports one layer of a product at the surface of which the solid phase of the charged liquid is deposited continuously.
The advantages derived from this invention basically consist of the fact that it makes it possible to vaporize any charged fluid with dissolved or suspended matter, whose gasification and solidification are compatible with the environment, and to recycle selectively liquid and solid components contained in a fluid or to deposit the charge on a surface that is continuously moving.
Other characteristics and advantages will appear in the following description of one version of the invention designed for purificatio
REFERENCES:
patent: 1866769 (1932-07-01), Harris
patent: 3615723 (1971-10-01), Meade
patent: 4287901 (1981-09-01), Fowler
patent: 4292121 (1981-09-01), Caffes
patent: 4323424 (1982-04-01), Secunda et al.
patent: 4704189 (1987-11-01), Assaf
Dawson Robert A.
Kim Sun U.
M.A.T. Limited Company
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