Electric heating – Metal heating – By arc
Patent
1997-10-06
2000-03-28
Evans, Geoffrey S.
Electric heating
Metal heating
By arc
21912169, 21912183, B23K 2600
Patent
active
06043452&
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a method and a device for processing, in particular for polishing and texturing, arbitrary 3D shaped surfaces or freeform surfaces by means of a laser, and to the use of this method for producing complementary sealing surfaces on complementary dies.
DE-A 42 41 527 discloses using laser beams, in particular pulsed excimer lasers for smoothing metal surfaces. Pulsed application with energy densities in the range of 5.times.10.sup.7 Watt/cm.sup.2 melts the surface of the metal melts. By using a UV or excimer laser, this happens only in the uppermost height boundary ranges of the metal down to a depth of 1 to 2 .mu.m, the result being that no sort of deformations or cracks are produced, and the metal surface is smooth.
Methods and devices for hardening highly stressed metallic surfaces such as, for example, piston bearing surfaces are disclosed in DE-A-42 17 530, DE-A-39 22 377, EP-A-0 419 999 and U.S. Pat. No. 4,825,035.
DE-A-41 33 620 discloses texturing metallic surfaces by means of a laser beam. In this case, the laser beam traverses curved paths on the metal surface whose shape corresponds to the desired texturing.
DE-A-44 01 597 discloses a laser processing or laser cutting device, in which the cut shape to be produced can be input in the form of CAD data.
DE-A-41 06 008 discloses an automatic welding robot in which the quality of the welded seams is monitored on-line by optical monitoring of the welded seams or the welding splash.
DE-A-37 11 470 discloses a method for producing a three-dimensional model which is assembled from a multiplicity of plates which have the model contours and are produced from plate material by material-removing processing by means of a laser. In this process, material is removed at a specific site until the DESIRED value is reached.
DE-A-42 19 809 discloses a method and a device for the controlled removal of layers from a surface by means of a laser. In order to simplify the control or regulation of the removal, it is ensured that successively processed sub-surfaces always have a constant area.
The beam or laser processing methods and devices known from the prior art have the disadvantage that they can essentially be used to process only shapes known in advance. They cannot, however, be widely applied, nor is the processing of arbitrary 3D shaped surfaces possible with them.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,986,664 discloses a method and a device for controlled removal of material. In this case, the surface to be processed is measured immediately before processing, and suitable processing parameters are selected on the basis of these measured data.
JP-A-63101092 discloses a device for processing 3D shaped surfaces, in which the surface to be processed is measured immediately before processing. The measured data and the desired shape are used to calculate suitable processing parameters, which are converted into a corresponding processing of the material.
It is therefore the object of the invention to make available a method and a device for processing, in particular for polishing and texturing, workpieces by means of which arbitrary 2D or 3D shaped surfaces can be processed simply and reliably. It is also the object of the invention to provide a method and a device for producing complementary sealing surfaces and complementary dies.
Owing to the fact that the actual surface shape and texture are firstly determined by means of the 3D contour-measuring device, the laser beam can be optimized with regard to output, spacing from the workpiece, processing speed (speed with which the working beam moves over the surface to be processed), pulse duration, pulse frequency, angle between the surface and optical axis of the working beam, and number of the successive sweeps over the surfaces to be processed, in such a way as to achieve a desired roughness or smoothness. In this way, it is not only possible to smooth or to polish the surface, but processing steps which additionally remove material and change the shape or contour of the workpiece can additionally be interposed
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Evans Geoffrey S.
Polierwerkstatt fuer Stahlformen Bestenlehrer GmbH
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