Measuring and testing – Volume or rate of flow – Weir type
Patent
1995-07-23
1998-03-10
Biegel, Ronald L.
Measuring and testing
Volume or rate of flow
Weir type
364509, G01F 120
Patent
active
057263582
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to a method and apparatus for determining volume flow rate (discharge) of a liquid flowing turbulently through a channel, which may be full or only partially filled.
The invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1 and to a device according to the preamble of claim 24.
The problem underlying the invention is to measure discharges without contact and without deflection of the measured flow. Local velocities are measured but no calibration is used.
This problem is solved by the characterizing features of claim 1 and the characterizing features of the independent claim 24.
Advantageous embodiments of the invention are defined by the subsidiary claims.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Certain methods and apparatus for measuring volume flow rate are described in the following documents.
EP-A-0278671 describes a system in which velocity of flow is measured at a single point within the flow in a drilling rig return line system, together with a measure of the level of the material. These signals are sent via microprocessors 41, 45, via an interface 47 to a central computer 14, which stores various parameters of the conduit and from the measurements and stored parameters calculates flow rate. If the rig is floating, measurements have to be repeated to get instantaneous flow rate values and these are averaged over time (page 15, left hand column).
Patent abstracts of Japan vol. 15, no. 462 (P-1279) 22 Nov. 1991 & JP-A-03197822 discloses a method in which measured values of velocity at a plurality of points in a conduit are fed to a computer programmed with a model of the conduit. The computer takes account of turbulence in the conduit to calculate partial flow velocities at the points for display. Patent Abstracts of Japan vol. 8, no. 72 (P-265) 4 Apr. 1984 & JP-A-58218616 refers to measurement of velocity at one point in a flow and to water level measurement. DE-A-2935015 refers to measuring water level, and storing in a computer a curve of characteristics of a river and water level. Velocity does not seem to be measured.
Other methods and systems of the prior art are described in section 3 below.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The object of the invention is to provide an improved method and apparatus in which extensive calibration work in the field is avoided, which permits a determination based on a minimum of field measurement, but which at the same time provides improved accuracy.
The objects of the invention are achieved by the method and apparatus as defined in the claims hereof. An embodiment of the invention comprises the measurement system CSLME ("Central Simulation--Local Measurement and Evaluation") in order to determine the discharge of fluids in partly filled or completely filled ducts and in open channels (in the following called discharge of open channel flow).
A more particular object of the invention is the measurement system CSLME ("Central Simulation--Local Measurement and Evaluation") in order to determine the discharge of fluids in partly filled or completely filled ducts and in open channels (in the following called discharge of open channel flow). The CSLME system is an accurate discharge measurement technique utilizing line averaged or punctiform velocity measurements. No calibration by means of grid velocity measurements is used, the CSLME system being based on the numerical simulation of turbulent velocity distributions for arbitrary cross-sections. The CSLME system is shown schematically in FIG. 1 and consists of high-performance computer, measuring the fluid level or the pressure head and velocities, including devices for data evaluation, and
Details concerning the technical realization of these components arc given in section 5. The term "fluid level" defines the boundary plane between the fluid of which the discharge is to be measured and a superimposed fluid having a much lower density. For convenience in the following, the term fluid level will be replaced by the more illustrative term "wat
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patent: 5467650 (1995-11-01), Cushing
patent: 5572434 (1996-11-01), Wang et al.
Artis Jewel N.
Biegel Ronald L.
Dishong George W.
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