Gas separation: processes – Liquid contacting – And recycle or reuse of contact liquid for further contact
Patent
1994-08-30
1995-12-12
Spitzer, Robert
Gas separation: processes
Liquid contacting
And recycle or reuse of contact liquid for further contact
95200, 95202, 95225, 55220, 552571, 55259, 261118, B01D 4706
Patent
active
054745977
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a method for cleaning polluted gas and or cooling of hot gas, wherein the gas is contacted with finely divided liquid for the separation of particles or absorption of gaseous pollutants or cooling of the gas. The finely divided liquid is supplied in the form of essentially umbrella-shaped shells or essentially linear curtains, in a regular arrangement, distributed in two or more planes substantially perpendicular to the main flow direction of the gas. The present invention also relates to a device for carrying out the method. The device comprises an inlet for polluted and/or hot gas, an outlet for cleaned and/or cooled gas, and a contact section located therebetween. The contact section accommodates a plurality of supply means provided for injecting finely divided liquid and arranged in two or more planes substantially perpendicular to the main flow direction of the gas.
The solution to the technical problem contemplated in the present application can be applied to gas cleaning devices, so-called scrubbers, and gas cooling devices, such as conditioning towers and heat recovery apparatuses, of most conceivable sizes. The highest demands and thus also the most important applications, however exist in large industries, large power plants or large incineration plants. In the following description, it is therefore assumed that the devices are on an industrial scale where the gas washing towers may have a diameter of about 1-20 m, and a height of about 1-40 m. For the sake of convenience the term "washing" will be used in the following as meaning either cleaning or cooling or both cleaning and cooling.
The method is applicable only to open gas washing towers. So-called packed scrubbers or packed columns cannot be used as contact section in the method of the invention. However, in a cascade-connected arrangement, it is of course possible to use a combination of the suggested washing method and, for instance, packed columns.
The method is especially well suited in contexts where gas cleaning is to be carried out in combination with the recovery of heat from a polluted hot gas, since the good contact between the liquid and the gas also promotes heat transfer.
TECHNICAL BACKGROUND
Cleaning of polluted gas with a view to removing particulate or gaseous substances is an important and common process in today's industrialized society. A vast variety of techniques have been developed, and today there are often several methods to choose between when a gas cleaning plant is to be designed, even when very specific pollutants are to be removed.
Particulate pollutants are often removed by means of dynamic separators, such as cyclones, electrostatic precipitators or barrier filters, bag filters or cassette filters.
Gaseous pollutants are generally removed by the roundabout technique of using some additive for convening the gases into particulate substances, either by binding them to the surface of particles supplied, dry or wet, or by reacting them with substances supplied, also in gaseous or liquid form, so as to obtain a particulate product. The reaction product is thereafter separated in a particle separator.
Cooling gas with a view to adapting its temperature or recovering heat therefrom is also nowadays an important and common process. Heat transfer generally takes place either by means of heat exchangers of recuperative or regenerative type or by direct contact between the hot and the cold medium. Since this invention concerns heat transfer by direct contact between a gas and a liquid, other techniques will not be discussed.
One method which is advantageous in many respects consists in conducting a gas through a rain of finely divided liquid or past surfaces overflowed by a liquid. These methods make it possible to cool a hot gas as well as to capture particles in the liquid and to dissolve gaseous components of a polluted gas in the liquid. The liquid may then also contain substances convening the dissolved gaseous components into solid form in order to make it easier
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ABB Flakt AB
Spitzer Robert
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