Metal deforming – With cleaning – descaling – or lubrication of work or product – Lubricating
Patent
1997-05-07
1999-02-02
Hail, III, Joseph J.
Metal deforming
With cleaning, descaling, or lubrication of work or product
Lubricating
72 42, 72 46, B21B 4502
Patent
active
058650520
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to the field of metallurgy, especially of wire drawing, and is directed to a method and device for forming and/or coating rod-shaped metal material with lubricants of solid to pasty consistency.
2. Description of the Related Art
In the forming of metal material by means of drawing, solid, semisolid and liquid lubricants are used to produce a lubricant coat on the material to be formed.
In a known process and apparatus for applying solid or semisolid lubricants for cold forming of metal materials, the material to be formed is introduced into a closed chamber containing a lubricant that has been liquefied under the influence of pressure and/or temperature (DD 147 209). The disadvantage of this method and this apparatus consists in that the utilized lubricant has a low viscosity in its liquefied state. This limits the range of possible variations with respect to coating thickness, and a metal material which is coated in this manner can pass through only one or only a few forming steps in view of the meager coating thicknesses (dividing layers) that can be achieved between the two friction partners represented by the forming die and the material to be formed. Moreover, problems arise with respect to the sealing of the inlet nozzle, also as a result of the low viscosity of the lubricant.
Further, methods and apparatus are known in which wire drawing is effected hydrostatically. In one of these devices, the wire passes through a pressure chamber containing a liquid lubricant before entering the drawing stone or drawing die. The lubricant pressure is generated via a pump. For sealing, another drawing die is used as a sealing nozzle at the entrance side of the pressure chamber (J. Schiermeyer, Dissertation TU Clausthal 1979; U.S. Pat. No. 3,413,832). Hydrodynamic lubrication conditions are to be produced in, the main drawing die by this construction of the device.
In the prior art, the sealing of the pressure chamber by means of the sealing nozzle causes problems, since additional lubrication must be carried out in order to realize small forming changes with this sealing nozzle. Another disadvantage consists in that a wire which is already lubricated must be fed to the device. Another disadvantage consists in that the material formed by this device can generally not be used for additional subsequent forming steps without receiving a new coating of lubricant.
OBJECT AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is the primary object of the invention to configure a method and a device for forming and/or coating rod-shaped metal material with solid to pasty-consistency lubricants with the use of a pressure chamber for the lubricant such that sealing problems in connection with the pressure chamber are considerably alleviated and one or more technical parameters in the forming and coating process can be decisively improved at the same time depending upon the respective material to be formed.
This object is met by the present invention.
In the method according to the present invention for forming and/or coating rod-shaped metal material with solid to pasty-consistency lubricants, the rod-shaped metal material runs into a pressure chamber through at least one inlet nozzle and exits the pressure chamber through at least one outlet nozzle, solid to pasty lubricant is introduced into the pressure chamber, pressure is applied externally to the solid to pasty lubricant located in the pressure chamber, wherein the applied combination of pressure and temperature always lies outside of the range of pressure-temperature combinations at which the utilized lubricant would liquefy, and the pressure in the pressure chamber is set and/or regulated.
The method is advantageously used one or more times in a multiple-step forming process.
Further, in an advantageous manner, the relative movement between the material to be formed and the forming die is temporarily reversed during the forming process immediately after an interruption in the forming process and/or the pressur
REFERENCES:
patent: 3854193 (1974-12-01), Yamaguchi et al.
patent: 4553416 (1985-11-01), Sudoh et al.
patent: 4683742 (1987-08-01), Eveson
PCT International Preliminary Examination of corresponding PCT application No. PCT/EP 94/03740, filed Nov. 11, 1994.
Huebner Armin
Kurze Bernhard
Weinhold Harri
Zschorn Gerd
Butler Rodney
Ecoform Umformtechnik GmbH
Hail III Joseph J.
Herborn & Breitenbach GmbH
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