Internal-combustion engines – Miscellaneous – Fuels – lubricants and additives
Patent
1984-04-25
1986-06-24
Cross, E. Rollins
Internal-combustion engines
Miscellaneous
Fuels, lubricants and additives
123 3, 123531, F02B 7512
Patent
active
045962103
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a method of distributing liquid fuel in combustion air that the fuel is mixed into through a carburetor or injector.
It is known that liquids that have gases dissolved in them will spontaneously release the dissolved gas and foam up or, when simultaneously atomized, break down into fine droplets when the ambient pressure drops suddenly or the temperature increases rapidly leading to a state of supersaturation because of the lower solubility of the gases at lower pressure or higher temperature.
Distributing liquid fuels in combustion air by atomization and partial evaporation through heating and turbulence is on the other hand also known. These mixing procedures all apply downstream of what is called the carburetor or the injector nozzles in that they are intended to employ zones of turbulence and a special design and disposition of the combustion or explosion space to supply the fuel or mixture of fuel and air. Since none of these measures, however, are sufficient to attain a completely uniform and very fine distribution of fuel, some of the fuel leaves the combustion space uncombusted or separated in the form of carbon monoxide or carbon or else, when an excess of air is supplied, the excess is fruitlessly consumed to form nitrogen monoxides and injurious exhaust is released.
The object of the present invention is to disclose a method and a device for distributing fuel in combustion air essentially more uniformly and finely, diminishing the drawbacks of the known methods and achieving improved combustion at higher efficiency, less injurious exhausts, reliable sparking, and hence fewer problems in starting engines and a lower tendency for engines to knock.
This object is attained in accordance with the invention in that gas, preferably air and/or carbon dioxide is dissolved in the fuel, at a state of dissolution pressure and temperature at which a higher gas solubility of the gas is ensured than at the state of mixing pressure and temperature of the combustion air during admixture, in a quantitative ratio such that the saturation-quantity ratio is exceeded at the state of mixing pressure and temperature and the solution supplied to the carburator or injector.
The method can be employed for both explosive and continuous combustion systems. Various solutions of gas and fuel can be employed depending on the application.
When employed in connection with partial-vacuum carburetors, for instance, it is practical to dissolve a gas of high solubility, carbon dioxide for example, in the gasoline.
It is furthermore practical to employ hydrogen, especially as a sparking aid, when burning difficult-to-burn liquids like diesel oil or heavy oil.
When burning fuels with a relatively high carbon content, benzene for example, the dissolution of oxygen is practical.
Minimum supply-technology expenditure is ensured by using compressed air generated on site by a relatively small compressor. Enough air for the intended purposed can in particular be dissolved if the fuel is saturated subject to a pressure of several atmospheres.
A switchover or mixing operation with various gases, carbon dioxide for example when starting or at low temperatures and air for continuous operation, yields a practical combination with respect to the technical action and economics of the material input. The introduction of carbon dioxide can be relatively increased even when operation conditions are aggravated, so that a tendency to knock develops.
The device for dissolving the gas is a closed unit that is always simple to introduce into the fuel line. In one practical embodiment the device is controlled subject to internally obtained criteria with respect to fuel flow and the resulting saturation.
When the flow oscillates widely, in engines for example, the existing control criterion of the fuel-flow regulator is exploited in a practical way to control the device for saturation.
A device for carrying out the method and how it can be installed in known internal-combustion engines and systems is illustrated in FIGS. 1 through 7
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patent: 4429674 (1984-02-01), Lubbing
patent: 4483307 (1984-11-01), Gilmor
Bak "Liquid Petroleum Gasifier Replaces Carburetor", 3/1981, New Design Ideas.
Cross E. Rollins
Kohlensaurewerke C. G. Rommenholler GmbH
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