Measuring and testing – Tire – tread or roadway – Tire inflation testing installation
Patent
1986-04-14
1987-10-27
Woodiel, Donald O.
Measuring and testing
Tire, tread or roadway
Tire inflation testing installation
246169R, G01M 1700
Patent
active
047021047
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a device and to a method of detecting deformation in the wheels of a railroad vehicle moving along a track section, through the use of wave motion sensors positioned at the track which emit signals that are measured and the measured signals are used to determine a wheel deformation.
The treads of railroad vehicle wheels are exposed to a high degree of wear, and damages caused by faulty brakes and by traversing rail joints many times result in deformation of one or more wheels, i.e. the occurrence of so-called wheel flat spots. Such wheel flat spots will render the wheel imbalanced involving also the risk of rail breaking which could lead to derailment for example, causing damage of the rails and the rolling stock, personal injuries, expenses for rescue and salvage, insurance, franchise, operation stoppage and clearing. Moreover, the sooner the wheel defect is detected, the lower will be the repair and stoppage costs. It is also vitally important to detect loose wheel rims, defective axle bearings, bent wheel axles, loose stays, etc., sinoe there is otherwise the risk of such defects causing derailment of the vehicle.
Due to the urgent need of indicating wheel defects, there are numerous known systems of performing such indications which have, however, proved insufficient either by lacking the degree of reliability required for this purpose, or by demanding extensive arrangements such as specific rail constructions for measurement at certain control lengths, or the need of providing each single wheel or wheel axle of a rolling stock with individual detectors.
The object of the invention is to achieve a device which can be positioned at the existing track and which is provided with sensors for placement in or on both of the rails, said device serving to reliably detect the presence of defective wheels in a passing railroad vehicle. This purpose is fulfilled by the inventive device and the method detailed below.
The measuring device according to the invention is based on the fact that the wave motions occurring in the rails on the momentary deformation thereof caused by a passing railroad vehicle will give rise to gradual loads moving along the rails in response to the vehicle motion. Accordingly, the properties of the rails per se are actual factors utilized in the present invention.
If the railroad vehicle has a defective wheel, the load on the rails will vary in response to the rotation of the wheel. Waves of other frequencies will add to the waves created by the transient loads, and this formation with added frequencies will be more pronounced the more a wheel, bearing or wheel axle configuration deviates from normal.
The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, of which
FIG. 1 shows a railroad vehicle travelling on a track and indicates the momentary deformation of the rails normally caused by the vehicle,
FIG. 2 shows a first embodiment of the inventive device with sensors attached to the rails,
FIGS. 3-10 are diagrammatic views of various curvatures, and
FIG. 11 shows a second embodiment of the inventive device.
FIG. 1 illustrates a railroad vehicle 1 travelling on a rail 2 forming part of a track, and indicates to a larger scale the momentary deformation of the rail caused by the vehicle 1 and creating wave motions in the rails propagating along the rails at a certain rate. Vehicle speed is one of the factors determining the basic frequency of the wave motion, and to this basic frequency are added further components of frequency.
In the presence of one or more faulty wheels, momentary shock loads will normally occur giving rise to further high frequency overtones which add to the wave configuration already obtained.
According to an embodiment of the invention illustrated in FIG. 2, a wave motion sensor 3 or 4, respectively, is attached to each rail. There are various types of wave motion sensors available on the market such as those including a plurality of components individually tuned to be brought into resonance at differ
REFERENCES:
patent: 4129276 (1978-12-01), Svet
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