Electrical transmission or interconnection systems – Plural load circuit systems – Plural sources of supply
Patent
1998-02-12
1999-06-29
Paladini, Albert W.
Electrical transmission or interconnection systems
Plural load circuit systems
Plural sources of supply
307 18, 307 26, 307 29, 307 44, 307 45, 307 64, H02J 734
Patent
active
059172517
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to a method of covering energy peak demands in electrical alternating or three-phase current networks and to a circuit arrangement for covering peak energy demand in electrical alternating or three-phase current networks. A stand-by power supply is generally realized by a DC network fed from accumulators.
2. Description of the Prior Art
It is already known that the large electricity utilities have to reserve at least 2.5% of the total produced power as a so-called primary regulating reserve in order to make a quickly activatable, non-reactive, power reserve available in electricity supply systems.
This normally takes place by thermal producing units by means of the turbine operating mode "controlled flexi-pressure". In this way, up to 5% of the nominal power can be kept available as a primary regulating reserve with the required dynamic properties.
This manner of operation leads, however, on the one hand, to efficiency penalties. On the other hand, producer units with cost-favorable primary energy costs are not operated at their nominal power in order to keep available the 5% primary regulating reserve. Together they lead to extra cost in making electrical energy available.
Furthermore, it is known to use stand-by power supplies with rectifiers in electric stores for the stand-by power supply of, for example, driving voltage systems, telecommunication systems, interruption-free installation, such as, for example, computers, special emergency power supplies, for example, in operating theaters in hospitals, safety lighting systems, generating stations, substations, communication centers, hospitals, large buildings in general etc. The industrial accumulators or batteries used for this purpose generally have a working life of 10 to 20 years. However, they are only used about 50 times during their entire working life including the test periods. Such known stand-by power supplies are thus also ultimately un-economical because of the lack of use of the expensive electrochemical energy stores.
Finally, accumulator-based, auxiliary power stations are also known which are provided exclusively with accumulators and the charging devices required for them, of which the accumulators are charged up in low demand periods via rectifiers and which feed electrical energy into the attached network via inverters when a higher demand is present. These accumulator-based, auxiliary power stations are comparable with pumped storage power stations. They have to be made available specially to deliver the peak demand and otherwise have no function.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The object of the present invention is to provide a method and a circuit arrangement of the initially named kind which are able to make available extremely rapidly, but only for a short period of time, the peak energy demand for alternating and three-phase current networks with a low complexity and in a particularly economical manner.
The concept underlying the invention is to be seen in the fact that stand-by power supplies connected to the power networks and of which the individual capacity is not sufficient to satisfy the peak load demand, but whose sum total capacity can nevertheless achieve considerable values, are additionally used, apart from making available energy for the stand-by power supply, to additionally make available energy to cover a short term peak load demand.
The concentrated energy capacity of all or at least a large part of the attached stand-by power supplies, which is made available for a short period, serves primarily to bridge the period which is required for the power stations which make available the basic energy to run up to the new enhanced load demand.
In this way, the power stations do not have to be operated with power reserves, or at least not to the previously customary degree, so that the manner of operation of the power stations can be made substantially more economical.
On the other hand, in order to make available a considerable overload capacity
REFERENCES:
patent: 3823358 (1974-07-01), Rey
patent: 4749908 (1988-06-01), Stifter
patent: 4894764 (1990-01-01), Meyer et al.
patent: 5500561 (1996-03-01), Wilhelm
patent: 5532525 (1996-07-01), Kaiser et al.
Heindlmeier Hans
Schermann Dietolf
Bayernwerk AG
Hagen Batterie AG
Paladini Albert W.
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