Electricity: battery or capacitor charging or discharging – Battery or cell charging – Pulsed
Patent
1997-07-30
1998-09-01
Tso, Edward
Electricity: battery or capacitor charging or discharging
Battery or cell charging
Pulsed
320145, H01M 1046
Patent
active
058015159
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for charging a primary or secondary battery, in particular a method and apparatus for rapidly charging a battery using multiple-frequency composite pulse current without a discharging process.
TECHNICAL BACKGROUND
In a conventional battery charging method, a direct current of 0.lC10 is used to charge a battery for 12-16 hours. Although this method is safe and reliable, it has many defects such as accumulation of polarization, memory effect and very long charging time. In the Chinese Utility Model 91208037.X, the applicant of the present invention described a rapidly charging apparatus which uses "surge multi-wave group pulsating voltage source" to charge a variety kinds of chemical batteries. It diminishes some of the memory effect, but its charging time is more than an hour, which is too long.
In the prior art, there exists a negative pulse charging method, named reciprocating charging method, i.e., charging a Ni-Cd battery with a single pulse current for a duration, then initiating a discharging circuit with a inverted pulse (this pulse is not applied to the battery to be charged) to discharge the battery with a large current in a short time, then repeat the charging and discharging, in this way, cyclically repeating the charging and discharging process until the battery is full. This typical charging method can be found in Hungary Patent No. 189, 832, of which the application in China is No. 87108081 (Examined Publication No.CN100643313), and this method has the advantageous effect of depolarization.
There are many patent applications similar to the above method, but none of them depart from the reciprocate manner of cyclically charging-discharging-charging-discharging.
These methods are a significant improvement compared with the conventional method of slow charging, however, they have not solved the problem that the Ni-Cd battery produces memory effect and the effect of de-polarization is not complete. Now the commercial available charger for Ni-Cd battery which are most excellent in performance and expensive in price must be added a separate device special for discharging, which performs discharging each time before charging, and after the battery is discharged to empty, proceeds automatically to charging operation. This separate discharging process is different from the discharging cycles in the reciprocate-charging process in that it is a forced large current discharging before the start of charging, and the purpose thereof is to prevent the battery from unchargeable status due to the memory effect within the battery. Furthermore, this charging method can not be used to charge a primary battery.
The object of the present invention is to provide a improved method and apparatus for rapidly charging battery, which use multiple-frequency composite pulse large current to perform charging without discharging process so as to eliminate memory effect and shorten the charging time.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The charging method of the present invention has the following main features:
The charging current is a multiple frequency composite pulse current, which is formed by at least two pulse currents with different frequency bands and arbitrary waveforms overlapped each other, and an inverted sharp pulse, whose amplitude is at least three times higher than that of said pulse current, overlapped thereon; the charging current can use very large capacity, which may be 1-l.5C10 or more than 1.5C10; charging is performed in a manner of charging all the time without discharging process.
The charging apparatus of the present invention includes a charging circuit for generating multiple frequency composite pulse current, and this charging circuit comprises:
at least two oscillators of different operating frequencies for generating pulse signals within different frequency bands;
a switch circuit connected between a charging power source and charging terminals of the battery for controlling the on/off of the charging current, and the controll
REFERENCES:
patent: 3886427 (1975-05-01), Long
patent: 5248928 (1993-09-01), Gilmore
Chen Shu
Chen Yang
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