Liquid purification or separation – Magnetic
Patent
1996-05-03
1997-09-16
Reifsnyder, David A.
Liquid purification or separation
Magnetic
210243, 210695, C02F 148
Patent
active
056676778
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention generally relates to apparatus for, and a method of, treating a fluid. More particularly, the invention relates to the treatment of water, to condition it so that the build up of deposits of scale in a water-carrying conduit is resisted. Still more particularly, the invention relates to the generation of an electromagnetic field having generally circular flux lines for treating a fluid for the purpose aforesaid and for other purposes which will be referred to hereafter.
Impurities, such as calcium and magnesium ions, in water, form scale which, over time, adheres to the interior walls of water pipes. If the water is heated the formation of scale is accelerated and, hence, water heaters and steam boilers are particularly susceptible to scale build-up and to reduced heat transmission, higher fuel usage and even local overheating. In domestic plumbing systems, calcium and magnesium ions react with soap to resist the formation of suds, thereby preventing effective cleaning.
Many water treatment descaling systems have heretofore been proposed to condition water to resist such scale formation and build-up. For example, chemical solutions require constant replenishment and also adulterate the water. Another approach is to position erodible electrodes into the water. However, as the electrodes erode, they lose their effectiveness and, ultimately, also need replacement.
Still another approach positions magnets in direct contact with the water. However, such magnets can only collect magnetic debris and, eventually, the build-up of debris can occlude the pipe.
Yet another approach uses magnetic or electromagnetic fields, both exteriorly and interiorly of a piping system. However, such fields are local in action and, in any event, rely on the flow of water to transport the descaling effect to downstream areas of the water pipes.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is a general object of this invention to advance the state of the art of treating fluids, for example, water conditioning descaling systems.
Another object of This invention is to provide an improved arrangement for and a method of inhibiting the formation of scale in water pipes.
Another object of this invention is to eliminate the use of chemicals, electrodes, magnets or any similar descaling device mounted interiorly of water pipes.
An additional object of this invention is to increase the descaling effectiveness of a conditioning system using electromagnetic fields.
Another object of this invention is to provide effective descaling action throughout a water piping system, even when the water is not flowing therein.
Another object of the invention is to provide a treatment method and apparatus for inhibiting corrosion of ferrous metal pipes carrying water.
Still another object of this invention is to treat various fluids, not necessarily water, to achieve beneficial effects.
In keeping with these objects, and others which will become apparent hereinafter, one aspect of this invention resides, briefly stated, in apparatus for, and a method of, treating a fluid contained in a conduit extending along an axis. The apparatus comprises a primary coil mounted exteriorly of the conduit means for energising the primary coil to generate a succession of radio frequency signals, and means responsive to the generation of the radio frequency signals, for generating in the fluid to be treated an electromagnetic field having generally circular flux lines in generally co-axial relation with the axis of the conduit, and for propagating the field along the axis to treat the fluid both upstream and downstream of the primary coil.
In accordance with one application of this invention, wherein the fluid is water, and it is desired to treat the water to resist scale deposits, the propagation of the electromagnetic field with the generally circular flux lines provides a very thorough descaling action. No chemicals, electrodes, magnets or other descaling device is mounted within the conduit. The descaling action is not local in effect but, in
REFERENCES:
patent: 4865747 (1989-09-01), Larson et al.
patent: 5514283 (1996-05-01), Stefanini
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