Electricity: measuring and testing – Measuring – testing – or sensing electricity – per se – Frequency of cyclic current or voltage
Patent
1987-10-05
1989-04-04
Eisenzopf, Reinhard J.
Electricity: measuring and testing
Measuring, testing, or sensing electricity, per se
Frequency of cyclic current or voltage
G01R 2704
Patent
active
048189308
ABSTRACT:
An apparatus and a method are provided for measuring the thickness (d) of a thin layer (12) of a non-metallic material on the surface of another medium (14). A transmitter (16) causes a beam of microwaves to be incident on the exposed surface (15) at an angle of incidence greater than 30.degree., and at least one fixed detector (18) monitors a component of the reflected microwave beam polarized in an appropriate plane. In one case the angle of incidence is equal to the Brewster angle (B) for the lower medium, which is water, and the detector monitors the amplitude of the vertically plane polarized component, which is a rapidly varying function of the thickness. In another case the angle of incidence is about 45.degree., and the monitored component is cross-polarized relative to the incident beam. The apparatus is suitable for detecting layers less than 1 mm thick of pollutants such as oil or kerosene on water before such water is discharged into the environment.
REFERENCES:
patent: 4052666 (1977-10-01), Fletcher et al.
patent: 4707652 (1987-11-01), Lowitz
Flemming Michael A.
Plested Graham N.
Eisenzopf Reinhard J.
Hinds William R.
Snow Walter E.
United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority
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