Furnaces – Refuse incinerator – With electric heater
Patent
1987-05-26
1988-11-29
Favors, Edward G.
Furnaces
Refuse incinerator
With electric heater
110346, F23G 500, F23G 510, F23G 512
Patent
active
047873205
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention concerns a method of thermal treatment of materials/substances that can be pumped or blown, particularly concerning the pyrolysis of waste products where the material/substance is pumped or blown into a heat chamber with a high temperature smelt, preferably a metal smelt, and where the heat chamber receives the thermic energy required from the electrical discharge of electrodes.
A range of chemical compounds are extremely stable or have stable decomposition products. Most of these compounds can however be broken down into their separate chemical components by maintaining the initial materials at a high temperature for a long period of time. This can be exemplified by the destruction of various types of wase, from for instance the production of plastics. For this purpose there are known pyrolysis plants with metal baths where the substance which is to be thermically processed resp. destructed is fed into the metal bath and heated by and in it by means of electrodes with an electrical discharge over the metal bath. Methods such as this will not produce high enough temperatures or long enough exposure for the most exacting thermal processes such as the destruction of matter.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The main object of the invention is to provide a method resp. an apparatus for the thermal treatment of substances which can be pumped or blown, where a predetermined high temperature and sufficient exposure in the heated zone is obtained for a given substance. Another object is finding a method and an apparatus where thermal treatment can be carried out without the addition of an oxidizing agent and which in a simple manner allows the collection of the gases and the other products of pyrolysis connected with the thermal treatment.
These and other objects of the invention can be achieved by a method for thermal treatment of pumpable or blowable materials comprising establishing an electric arc between a pair of concentric electrodes. The material to be treated is pumped or blown into the gap, through the electric arc to effect the thermal treatment, and the product of the thermal treatment is passed through a high temperature smelt.
At the end of the electrodes where the electric arc discharges occur, the temperature is in the region of 5000.degree.-12000.degree. K., and the material to be destructed is forced to pass through this area. Lengthy exposure at a high temperature is ensured by forcing the products of the thermal treatment/pyrolysis in the vicinity of the electrodes to pass through a smelting bath which contributes to a final catalytic decomposition of extremely stable organic compounds.
The apparatus for carrying out the thermal treatment described includes a sealed receptacle adapted to contain a high temperature smelt, a pair of concentrically arranged electrodes extending into the receptacle and having a gap therebetween which is open to the interior of the receptacle at the end of the electrodes, means for establishing an electric arc in the gap, means for introducing the pumpable or blowable materials into the gap a predetermined distance from the open end of the gap to effect the thermal treatment of the materials in the arc, means to cause the products of the thermal treatment to pass beneath the surface of the smelt, and means for removing the products of the thermal treatment which are in gaseous form from the receptacle after passing through the smelt. Thermal treatment with the apparatus according to the invention is possible without the addition of oxidizing agents. This reduces the amount of gas which has to be treated. Any valuable elements in the redisual gas will consequently be more concentrated and in an easier utilized form than was previously found in combustion processes.
Following the destruction of the non-halogencontaining organic matter, the products of pyrolysis will consist of carbon (Carbon Black), H.sub.2, CO as well as smaller quantities of N.sub.2 .multidot. Carbon Black will follow the gas out.
Following the destruction of ha
REFERENCES:
patent: 4519835 (1985-05-01), Gauvin et al.
patent: 4644877 (1987-02-01), Barton et al.
Prytz Steinar
Raaness Ola S.
Waernes Aud N.
LandOfFree
Method and apparatus for thermal treatment does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Method and apparatus for thermal treatment, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Method and apparatus for thermal treatment will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-356518