Marine propulsion – Electric drive for propelling means
Patent
1991-01-23
1994-10-04
Sotelo, Jesus D.
Marine propulsion
Electric drive for propelling means
417 50, 60202, 310 11, B60L 1102
Patent
active
053521390
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention concerns an apparatus for the propulsion of water vehicles with which a magnetic coil surrounds a pipe through which surrounding water is streaming and in the pipe at least one first electrode connected to a voltage source is arranged.
A method and an apparatus of the above mentioned kind are known in the art from the British Journal "Maritime Defence, the Journal of International Naval Technology", 12/1988, Page 445.
It is known in the art of so called magnetic hydrodynamic propulsion that an electric as well as a magnetic field are superimposed upon a medium which contains movable charge carriers. As a consequence of the action of the electric field, the charge carriers begin to move and then in consequence of this motion of the charge carriers in the magnetic field the so called Lorentz force is exerted on the charge carriers, this force being given by the cross product of the magnetic field and velocity vectors in a manner which is known in the art.
As mentioned above, the application of this type of magnetic hydrodynamic propulsion to water vehicles is also known in the art. In the above mentioned configuration which is known in the art, the pipe is surrounded by two superconducting saddle coils which are arranged symmetrically about the pipe axis. The saddle coils produce, in this manner, a magnetic field whose direction is perpendicular to the pipe axis. In the pipe, two condensor like plate electrodes are arranged in an axial direction so that the magnetic field produced by these plate electrodes likewise runs perpendicular to the direction of the axis and also perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field. This has the consequence that the free charge carriers of the surrounding water which are located in the pipe, principally salt water ions, are acted on by a Lorentz force which runs in the axial direction of the pipe. In this way, the arrangement which is known in the art produces a recoil force which stems from the charge carriers which are moving axially in the pipe. For the propulsion of a water vehicle in the apparatus known in the art, the saddle coils produce a magnetic field strength of two Tesla using a current of 2,000 Amperes which is supposed to lead to a recoil force of 8 KN.
The underlying physical principals necessary for understanding this type of magnetic hydrodynamic propulsion are described in the text book of Becker/Sauter "Theorie der Elektrizitat", 19. Edition, 1969, Vol. I, Pages 255 to 266, as well as in the text book of Pohl "Einfuhrung in die Physik", 20. Edition, 1967, Vol II, "Elektrizitatslehre" pages 98 through 104.
The procedure and the apparatus which is known in the art has the advantage that the propulsion unit does not, in any way, need moving elements and, therefore, practically no propulsion noise is produced. For this reason, this type of configuration is well suited for military applications, in particular, for the propulsion of submarines.
However, the apparatus and procedure which are known in the art have the disadvantage that the efficiency is relatively low and the construction of the coil is relatively complicated. A further disadvantage of the configuration known in the art is that, as a result of the use of saddle coils, a very large stray field is produced so that vehicles which are configured with the propulsion apparatus known in the art are easily detected by means of magnetic detection methods. Furthermore equipment which is located on board the water vehicle, in particular electronic equipment, is perturbed by the stray field of the magnet coil.
Propeller screws which can be configured in the form of Archimedes' spirals are known in the art from the DE-book R. Geissler "Der Schraubenpropeller", Dissertation TU Berlin, Springer 1918, page 4/5,16/17.
A propulsion mechanism for water vehicles with which the propulsion is effected by means a propeller in a tunnel-like guide running approximately in a direction along the vehicle is known in the art from the patent text DE-PS 873362. The tunnel-like guide can thereby exhibit the
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British Journal "Maritime Defence, the Journal of International Navel Technology"-Japan furthers electro-magnetic propulsion research, Dec. 1988, p. 445.
Book of Becker/Sauter "Theorie der Elektrizitat", 19. Edition, 1969, vol. I, pp. 255 to 266.
Book of Pohl "Einfuhrung in die Physik", 20. Edition, 1967, vol. II, Elekrizitatslehre, pp. 69 and 98 to 104.
Book of R. Geissler "Der Schraubenpropeller" Dissertation TU Berlin, Springer 1918, pp. 4, 5, 16 and 17.
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British Journal "The Motor Ship", Oct. 1988, p. 14 Japan pushing forward with electromagnetic propulsion.
British Journal "Marine Propulsion", Jul./Aug. 1989, p. 40 "Jastram's Electric Propeller".
Transactions of the North East Coast Institution of Engineers and Shipbuilders, vol. 92, No. 5, May 1976, The North East Coast Institution of Engineers and Shipbuilders, (Newcastle upon Tyne, GB), A. D. Appleton: "The role of superconducting D.C. machine for marine propulsion systems", pp. 111-122.
Kasten Arne
Laukien Gunther
Westphal Michael
Hamrick Claude A. S.
Laukien Gunther
Sotelo Jesus D.
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