Chemistry of hydrocarbon compounds – Production of hydrocarbon mixture from refuse or vegetation – From synthetic resin or rubber
Patent
1997-10-27
2000-01-04
Yildirim, Bekir L.
Chemistry of hydrocarbon compounds
Production of hydrocarbon mixture from refuse or vegetation
From synthetic resin or rubber
201 25, 201 25, 202 84, 202152, 202158, C10G 110, C08J 116, C10B 104
Patent
active
060111879
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
This invention concerns a method and apparatus to extract oil from waste plastic using pyrolysis. More specifically, it concerns a method and apparatus to reclaim oil either from waste plastic which has been separately collected as a portion of municipal garbage or waste plastic which has been collected as an industrial waste product. The resulting oil can then be reused as fuel.
TECHNICAL BACKGROUND
Previously, oil has been extracted from plastic separately collected as a portion of municipal garbage or waste plastic collected as an industrial waste by severing the carbon frameworks at approximately 400.degree. C. to reduce the molecular weight, resulting in liquified oil.
The energy required by this method is approximately 500 to 1,000 kcal/kg (of plastic). To deliver this energy, the liquified plastic is circulated by means of a pump and a furnace is provided on the path of circulation.
In order to prevent thermosetting resins or hard foreign materials from causing trouble in the pump circulation line, these substances must be completely removed through preprocessing. This drives up the cost and creates a problem of economy.
Furthermore, oil obtained solely by pyrolyzing a plastic is unstable. This instability can result in coking on the walls inside the furnace pipes.
In the case of thermoplastic resins, some carbon residue is created in the process of thermal polycondensation, and these particles will be suspended in the pump circulation line. They can be separated from the liquid by passing the plastic through a filter or by centrifuging it, but there is no way to prevent some of the oil from combining with these particles and being lost. The carbon residue also could be a valuable source of energy; however, there is no way to use it efficiently.
Since this liquid oil will solidify at normal temperatures, the pump circulation line must be insulated with a steam jacket. A heavy oil lubricant is required in the processing line, which must be changed each time the line is started up or shut down. This increases the cost of operation.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
Object of this invention
This invention was developed in consideration of the problems which occur with the prior technology. It provides a method to extract oil from waste plastic comprising thermosetting resins and solid foreign matter without a problem. This method greatly reduces the burden of presorting the garbage or industrial waste.
Another objective of this invention is to provide a method and apparatus to extract oil which would reduce the incidence of coking during the process of applying energy to the waste plastic, and which would allow the solid residue of pyrolysis to be used efficiently as a heat source without having to separate it.
Yet another objective of this invention is to provide a method and apparatus to extract oil in which it is easier to start up and shut down the process in which the aforesaid waste plastic is pyrolyzed to extract its oil.
A further objective of this invention is to provide a method and apparatus to extract oil which can efficiently separate the gaseous component obtained from the pyrolyzed plastic into oils with high, and low boiling points and a low molecular-weight gas, and which can easily and efficiently yield high-quality oils with low boiling points.
Yet another objective of this invention is to provide a method and apparatus to extract oil which enables the size of the components involved in the process of pyrolyzing the aforesaid waste plastic to be reduced, and which can efficiently yield the gaseous products of pyrolysis.
Another objective of this invention is to design the pyrolysis process as discussed above using a horizontal agitation device such as a horizontal feed reactor in order to simplify and reduce the size of the pyrolysis device.
Another objective of this invention is to combine the aforesaid pyrolysis process with a dechlorination process in a single step by constructing a single mechanical agitation device to perform both processes. This will allow t
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Amari Takeshi
Horizoe Hirotoshi
Kaihara Yuji
Kawami Yoshimasa
Matsukawa Yasumasa
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd.
Yildirim Bekir L.
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