Multiplex communications – Pathfinding or routing – Switching a message which includes an address header
Reexamination Certificate
1999-05-19
2003-11-18
Ton, Dang (Department: 2666)
Multiplex communications
Pathfinding or routing
Switching a message which includes an address header
C370S465000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06650644
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates generally to computer networks, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for quality of service (QOS) translation.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In the field of data routing in computer networks, an Internet service provider (ISP) user typically has much more stringent requirements than an enterprise user because the routers will be subjected to the adverse Internet routing environment in the world. There are three typical architectural requirements that such routers must support, described below.
A. Stable Operation. Although it sounds trivial, the notion of stable operation has been elusive in the ISP community, as witnessed by various Internet“brown-outs” since it's inception. One paper on Internet scaling“Scaling the Internet during the T3 NSFNET Years”, C. Villamizar, Oct. 22, 1997, articulates the basic requirements which ISPs demand from their networking equipment in order to provide a stable network. In addition to forwarding performance and scaling requirements, ISPs typically expect several operational attributes, given below.
1. Stability under adverse conditions. The router must remain stable and deterministic under arbitrarily high traffic loads or a flood of routing update changes.
2. Low packet loss to stable destinations. The effects of unstable routes (flapping) should not impact a router's ability to forward traffic to stable routes.
3. Reasonable fairness and congestion control. Sufficient buffering capacity, avoidance of head-of-line blocking, advanced queuing algorithms, and sophisticated discard techniques must be provided.
B. Service Differentiation. Recently it has become clear that service providers cannot make adequate margins by offering flat-rate access and undifferentiated service. The ability to offer tiered services, and to guarantee service levels, is crucial to the economic and competitive health of ISPs. The airline industry's first-class, business-class and coach-class offerings provide a meaningful analogy for Internet service differentiation: a small number of customers are willing to pay for premium service, if it can be guaranteed. The concentrator's must enable ISPs to offer differentiated services based on multiple queues and advanced, intelligent Traffic Management features.
C. Superior Reliability. ISP routers must provide a greater level of reliability and availability than known router architectures. Part of this flows from designing with stability in mind, but providing additional fault tolerance features adds another dimension of resiliency. ISP routers should be designed without any single points of failure, and all software designs should incorporate fault isolation principles.
Currently, there is no single, standard, agreed upon method for communicating QOS/class of service information in Internet Protocol (IP) data packets. Therefore, there is a need for a way to translate a QOS data packet into an incoming type of service data packet.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a method, apparatus and article of manufacture for translating the quality of service (QOS) of a data packet. An incoming type of service (TOS) mask word is generated, and a QOS lookup table is generated. A TOS value is generated by masking a header field of the data packet with the TOS mask. The QOS lookup table is searched for a QOS translation using the TOS value as a key value. An internal service class (ISC) indicator is output according to the QOS translation entry.
REFERENCES:
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patent: 6304578 (2001-10-01), Fluss
Colley Tom
Kidder Joe
Manor Larry
Pearson Terry
Blakely , Sokoloff, Taylor & Zafman LLP
Nortel Networks Limited
Ton Dang
Tran Phuc
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