Surgery – Miscellaneous – Methods
Patent
1995-08-16
1998-02-10
Kamm, William E.
Surgery
Miscellaneous
Methods
A61B 1900
Patent
active
057158363
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This application claims priority to PCT application Ser. No. PCT/DE94/00157, filed Feb. 15, 1994, published as WO94/19758 Sep. 1, 1994.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a process for planning and monitoring a surgical operation, in which an operation site is established and at least one desired image of the operation site is generated from structural data which can be obtained by noninvasive means, and the planning is based on at least one section surface along which tissue is to be severed during the operation.
To prepare for complicated surgical operations, it is customary to plan the operating procedure in advance and to simulate the operation in order to establish theoretically the section surfaces at which the tissue is to be severed during the operation, a condition being that as little healthy tissue as possible should be removed and that vulnerable structures such as the larger vessels or nerves should as far as possible remain untouched. To this end, an operation site is first determined in general, and optimal section surfaces are determined on the basis of computed tomography, X-ray images, and other previously taken images of the operation site, and potential areas of risk in proximity to the section surfaces are discussed and marked on the images.
However, since the images on which the planning of the section surface is based are two-dimensional, transposition to three-dimensional relationships requires a great deal of experience and imagination. In addition, it is difficult to remember the often complex form of the section surfaces, so that the optimal section surfaces are in many cases deviated from inadvertently during the operation.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
For this reason there is a need, particularly in the case of osteotomies, to be able to go back at any time during the operation to the previously planned section surfaces in order to make a comparison with the actual incision path and in order to avoid as far as possible inadvertent deviations from the planned section surfaces.
An object of the invention is to develop a process and a device of the type mentioned above, with which it is possible to obtain greater correspondence between a planned incision path and the incision made during the operation.
As regards the process, this object is achieved according to the invention in that an image of the planned section surface is generated. This image then is superposed during the operation on an actual image of the operation site or is projected onto the operation site itself. The invention thereby allows the surgeon to move a scalpel or another cutting tool in accordance with the preset visual information and to monitor his incision path on the basis of the image of the section surface.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a schematic of an apparatus for providing information on anatomical relations and planned therapeutic measures in a body region in accordance with the invention; and
FIGS. 2a and 2b are block diagrams illustrating a method for providing information on the anatomical relations and planned therapeutic measures in a body region.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
A preferred embodiment of invention proposes that, in contrast to the conventional processes for planning the section surface, a three-dimensional desired image is taken as a basis. The three-dimensional desired image is created from structural data by computer-aided means. The structural data is obtained by computer-aided means, for example by evaluating computed tomography, nuclear magnetic resonance, ultrasound, X-ray, or holographic examinations and by evaluating the sectional images which are thus made of the operation site. This three-dimensional desired image can be displayed on a monitor, for example. The three-dimensional (3-D) desired image makes it possible to plan the arrangement of the section surface over the entire depth of the operation site.
A further preferred embodiment of the invention proposes that a three-dimensional image of the section s
REFERENCES:
Hemler et al "Proceedings of Computer Based Medical Systems", IEEE Computer Society Press, New York, 14 Jun. 1992 pp. 309-314.
Kliegis Ulrich
Lundt Bernd
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