Gas separation: processes – With control responsive to sensed condition – Concentration sensed
Patent
1996-04-15
1998-03-24
Spitzer, Robert
Gas separation: processes
With control responsive to sensed condition
Concentration sensed
95 22, 95 25, 95 45, 95273, 96 4, 55270, 55274, 55310, 553852, 55419, 55467, B01D 5322
Patent
active
057307776
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a method for performing a function or an operation involving a material, in particular a non-gaseous material such as a biological material subjected to a scientific investigation, under a gaseous atmosphere in a closed chamber. The invention also provides a new principle for avoiding pollution by gaseous materials and airborne particles from a substantially closed space, such as a workbench or workstation, to the environment, or from the environment to the closed space.
The invention also relates to a housing, in particular for housing biological material in a gaseous atmosphere while an operation involving the material is performed, such as a workbench, an incubator, or a workstation comprising one or several incubators in combination with a work space or workbench.
In addition the invention relates to a garment, in particular a glove comprising a flexible double layered structure defining a space containing a gaseous atmosphere.
The invention is applicable in various fields where transfer or gaseous materials from a closed space to the environment or from the environment to a closed space is undesired.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Scientific groups have shown that various gas pressures may have an effect especially on reaction of immune cells towards tumour cells (J. Immunol. 138:550;1987), and more generally on the biological reaction forms of various cells (Science 257:401;1992, Nature 288:373;1980).
Working with biological systems in which a determined gas partial pressure is to be maintained is extremely difficult if proper provision is to be made for the health of the system operator.
It has been shown that even a moderate modification of the partial oxygen pressure of cells will influence the general functions of the cells and the physiological conditions in which the cells are examined. This entails that presently, the in vitro conditions under which various physiological cells functions are investigated are not optimal for imitation of in vivo physiological conditions. Furthermore, in connection with e.g. incubation for production of cells or cell products, the conditions which are optimal for the production may differ significantly from the environmental conditions e.g. with respect to oxygen partial pressure. In addition, in the presently used work benches, alternating and variable oxygen partial pressures will prevail which means that experiments performed therein will be subject to uncontrollable experimental variations with respect to a major parameter. It would therefore be extremely valuable to have incubator walls, workbenches, and other equipment for biological material that make it possible to work with completely fixed gas parameters during the entire experiments. It would also be highly valuable to have biological stations in which incubators and workbenches are coupled such that all handling of biological material takes place at constant gas partial pressure without any safety hazards such as contamination to or from the surrounding environment.
In e.g. hospitals where patients are subjected to general anaesthesia, the environment of the patient is often contaminated by the volatile anaesthetics, resulting in a considerable risk of endangering the health of the hospital personnel working in the field of surgery. Therefore, avoiding escape of gases from the anaesthetic equipment to the environment would be desirable.
Furthermore, within the welding and electronics industry (e.g. microchips, and lithium batteries) it is often desired to operate with a determined gas partial pressure when working with specific materials such as, e.g., silver, silicium, aluminum, lithium and copper. The present invention makes it possible to obtain a protection, not only of the operator himself and against pollution of noxious gases to the environment, but also of the processed material against active oxygenating gases.
It appears from the explanation given above that it is desirable to obtain specific conditions within a closed chamber with respect to the total gas pressure o
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Ebbesen Peter
Petersen Peter Mosborg
Villadsen Jan Alexander
Ebbesen Peter
Peterson Peter Mosborg
Spitzer Robert
Villadsen Jan Alexander
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