Chemistry: electrical current producing apparatus – product – and – With measuring – testing – or indicating means – For charge or liquid level
Patent
1995-03-21
1996-10-22
Bell, Bruce F.
Chemistry: electrical current producing apparatus, product, and
With measuring, testing, or indicating means
For charge or liquid level
429 61, 429 66, 429 70, 429 90, 429 91, H01M 1048
Patent
active
055675417
ABSTRACT:
The state of charge of electrochemical batteries of different kinds is determined by measuring the incremental change in the total volume of the reactive masses in the battery. The invention is based on the principle that all electrochemical batteries, either primary or secondary (rechargeable), produce electricity through a chemical reaction with at least one electrode, and the chemical reactions produce certain changes in the composition and density of the electrode. The reactive masses of the electrodes, the electrolyte, and any separator or spacers are usually contained inside a battery casing of a certain volume. As the battery is used, or recharged, the specific volume of at least one of the electrode masses will change and, since the masses of the materials do not change considerably, the total volume occupied by at least one of the electrodes will change. These volume changes may be measured in many different ways and related to the state of charge in the battery. In one embodiment, the volume change can be measured by monitoring the small changes in one of the principal dimensions of the battery casing as it expands or shrinks to accommodate the combined volumes of its components.
REFERENCES:
patent: 5244754 (1993-09-01), Bohmer et al.
Bell Bruce F.
Lockheed Idaho Technologies Company
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