Method and apparatus for measuring the relative density of gases

Measuring and testing – Gas analysis – Density or specific gravity

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G01N 926, G01N 932

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active

046778411

ABSTRACT:
Gas is vented through a very small orifice or pore with substantially stable pressures before and after the orifice. The orifice is designed so that the expansion through it is similar to a Joule-Thompson expansion of the gas. With ideal gas, this occurs isothermally. The flow through this orifice is determined for a selected pressure drop across it and the square of this flow is inversely proportional to the relative density. With real gases there is a slight error introduced due to a supercompressibility of the gas, but this is offset by an error in the opposite direction believed to be due to the Joule-Thompson cooling of the gas as it passes through the orifice. Substantially exact error cancellation is obtained within a preferred operating range of the pressure drop across the orifice for a given orifice diameter.

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