Method and apparatus for measuring the ohmic contact resistance

Details Method and apparatus for measuring the ohmic contact resistance Method and apparatus for measuring the ohmic contact resistance

1979-08-15

1981-01-20

Kamm, William E.

Surgery

Truss

Pad

A61N 136

Patent

active

042456436

ABSTRACT:
A method and apparatus are disclosed for measuring the ohmic, that is, purely d-c, resistance at the area of contact between cardiac tissue and a pacemaker electrode surgically implanted in the heart of a patient requiring a pacemaker. The contact resistance is measured by apparatus connected across the electrical circuit formed by the electrode and heart. The apparatus includes circuitry for sampling and holding the instantaneous voltage across the electrical circuit formed by the electrode and heart at the onset of a pulse generated by the pacemaker pulse generator, at which time the effect of a parallel capacitance in the electrical circuit formed by the pulse generator, electrode wire, electrode, heart, and return path through the body to the pulse generator is such that the current initially produced is determined only by the voltage and equivalent output impedance of the pulse generator, the resistance of the electrode wire, and the resistance at the area of contact between cardiac tissue and the electrode. The apparatus further includes analog signal processing circuitry for deriving the contact resistance from the instantaneous voltage based on an equivalent circuit model for the electrical circuit formed by the pacemaker and the heart taking into account the effect of the parallel capacitance at the onset of a pulse. The apparatus also includes a device for displaying the measured contact resistance. The disclosed method and apparatus are also applicable for measuring the ohmic contact resistance of an electrode attached to other body tissue.

REFERENCES:
patent: 3757790 (1973-09-01), Herrman
patent: 3866600 (1975-02-01), Rex
patent: 4141367 (1979-02-01), Ferreira
Benzing 3rd et al., "Journal of Biomedical Engineering", vol. 2, No. 1, Jan. 1980, pp. 3-8.

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