Boots – shoes – and leggings
Patent
1994-04-07
1996-04-16
Ramirez, Ellis B.
Boots, shoes, and leggings
415 1, 36443102, F04D 1714
Patent
active
055089437
ABSTRACT:
A method and apparatus are disclosed for protecting turbocompressors from unstable flow conditions (surge and stall). To accomplish this, it is necessary to easily and accurately calculate a compressor's operating point and its distance from the interface between the surge region and the stable region--this interface is referred to as the Surge Limit Interface. The proximity of the operating point to the Surge Limit Interface is calculated using measurements of properties throughout the compressor-process system. It is crucial that the calculation be invariant to suction conditions, especially gas composition. Disclosed are three coordinates, T.sub.r (reduced torque), P.sub.r (reduced power), and N.sub.e (equivalent speed). Each of these can be combined with other invariant parameters to construct coordinate systems in which to define the Surge Limit Interface and measure the distance of the operating point to that interface.
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Reprint entitled "Improved Surge Control for Centrifugal Compressors" by N. Staroselsky and Lawrence Ladin, Chemical Engineering, May 21, 1979.
Article entitled "Surge Control for Centrifugal Compressors" by M. W. White (The Foxboro Co.), Chemical Engineering, Dec. 25, 1972.
Technical Information on Compressor Surge Control, by J. Agar Instrumentation Ltd, Alresford, Hampshire, England, Jun. 1, 1977.
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Article entitled "Reasons for Centrifugal Compressor Surging and Surge Control" by A. Kolnsberg, Journal of Engineering for Power, Jan. 1979, vol. 101.
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Article entitled "Optimize Centrifugal Compressor Performance" by B. P. Gupla and M. F. Jeffrey, Hydrocarbon Processing, Jun. 1979.
69-page brochure dated Dec., 1993 and entitled Series 3 Plus Antisurge Controller for Centrifugal and Axial Compressors . . . by Compressor Controls.
Ralph L. Moore, "Control of Centrifugal Compressors"; 1989; Unit 6 (starting on p. 123); .sctn. 6-5 on p. 137; and FIG. 6-12 (p. 141).
Batson Brett W.
Narayanan Krishnan
Assouad Patrick
Compressor Controls Corporation
Ramirez Ellis B.
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