Method and apparatus for measuring stable isotopes

Radiant energy – Invisible radiant energy responsive electric signalling – Infrared responsive

Patent

Rate now

  [ 0.00 ] – not rated yet Voters 0   Comments 0

Details

250339, 250345, G01J 342

Patent

active

RE0334936

ABSTRACT:
Spectroscopic measurements of stable isotopes are performed using a tunable lead salt diode laser. The design of the system is based upon the optimization of isotopic spectral lines from two different path lengths in an absorption cell using a single gaseous sample. A short path cell to measure the more abundant species and a long path cell to measure the less abundant species are used. A micrometer adjustment of a path length is used for equalizing spectral line intensities to obtain a measure of isotope enrichment or of absolute isotopic concentration.

REFERENCES:
patent: 3679899 (1972-07-01), Dimeff
patent: 3743426 (1973-07-01), Steinberg
patent: 3899252 (1975-08-01), Dimeff
patent: 3916195 (1975-10-01), Burch et al.
patent: 3995960 (1976-12-01), Fletcher et al.
patent: 4023909 (1977-05-01), Ross
patent: 4157470 (1979-06-01), Kotaka et al.
patent: 4180732 (1979-12-01), Fabinski et al.
patent: 4186355 (1980-01-01), Lo
patent: 4281248 (1981-07-01), Fabinski et al.
patent: 4288693 (1981-08-01), Fabinski et al.
patent: 4350990 (1982-09-01), Lo
patent: 4500207 (1985-02-01), Maiden
patent: 4519710 (1985-05-01), Luce et al.
patent: 4577322 (1986-03-01), Partin
patent: 4608694 (1986-08-01), Partin
Ramohalli, "Monitoring Trace Gases in the Atmosphere," NASA Tech Briefs, Summer 1985, pp. 69-70.
"The Clinical Spectrum," Dec., 1985 issue of Scientific American.
Lee et al., "Tunable Diode Laser Spectroscopy of Stable Isotopic Tracers-Detection and Measurement of Relative Abundance of Isotopic Carbon Monoxide," Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Synthesis and Applications of Isotopically Labeled Compounds, 1985, Kansas City, MO, pp. 441-446.
Lee et al., "High Resolution Infrared Diode Laser Spectroscopy for Isotopic Carbon Monoxide," Applied Physics Letters, v 48, No. 10, pp. 619-621 (1986).
"Isotope Tracing-made friendly," Search, General Motors Research Labs Publication-vol. 23, No. 1, Jan.-Feb. 1988.
Partin, "Preparation and Applications of Lead Chalcogenide Diode Lasers," Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, vol. 90, pp. 47-58.
Lehmann et al., "Isotope Analysis by Infrared Laser Absorption Spectroscopy," Applied Physics, vol. 13, pp. 153-158 (1977).
Jensen et al., "Prospects for Uranium Enrichment," Laser Focus, May, 1976, pp. 51-63.
McDowell, "Determination of Carbon-13 by Infrared Spectrophotometry of Carbon Monoxide," Analytical Chemistry, vol. 42, No. 11, Sep. 1970, pp. 1192-1193.
Labrie et al., "Radiocarbon Dating by Infrared Laser Spectroscopy," Applied Physics, vol. 24, pp. 381-386 (1981).
Preier, "Recent Advances in Lead-Chalcogenide Diode Lasers," Applied Physics, vol. 20, pp. 189-206 (1979).
Reid et al., "High Sensitivity Pollution Detection Employing Tunable Diode Lasers," Applied Optics, vol. 17, No. 2, Jan. 15, 1978, pp. 300-307.
Matwioff et al., "Stable Isotope Tracers in the Life Sciences and Medicine," Science, vol. 181, No. 4105, pp. 1125-1133 (1973).
McKinney et al., "Improvements in Mass Spectrometers for the Measurement of Small Differences in Isotope Abundance Ratios," The; Review of Scientific Instruments, vol. 21, No. 8, pp. 724-730 (1950).
Schoeller et al., "Measurement of Energy Expenditure in Humans by Doubly Labeled Water Method," Journal of Applied Physiology, vol. 53, pp. 955-959 (1982).
Watkins et al., ".sup.13 C-Trioctanoin: a Nonradioactive Breath Test to Detect Fat Malabsorption," Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine, vol. 90, No. 3, pp. 422-430 (1977).
Solomons et al., "Application of a Stable Isotope (.sup.13 C-Labeled Glycocholate Breath Test to Diagnosis of Bacterial Overgrowth and Ileal Dysfunction," Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine, vol. 90, No. 3, pp. 431-439 (1977).
Waterlow et al., "Protein Turnover in Man Measured with .sup.15 N: Comparison of End Products and Dose Regimes," American Journal of Physiology, vol. 235, pp. E165-E174 (1978).
Shreeve et al., "Test for Alcoholic Cirrhosis by Conversion of [.sup.14 C]- or [.sup.13 C] Galactose to Expired CO.sub.2," Gastroenterology, vol. 71, pp. 98-101 (1976).
Shulman et al., "Direct Demonstration of Starch Utilization in Infants," Pediatric Research, vol. 16, p. 177A (1982).
King et al., "Detection of Small Intestine Bacterial Overgrowth by Means of a 14C-D-Xylose Breath Test," Gastroenterology, vol. 77, No. 1, pp. 75-82 (1979).
Breen et al., "A [.sup.14 C]Phenacetin Breath Test to Measure Hepatic Function in Man," Hepatology, vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 47-52 (1984).
Fromm et al., "Breath Test for Altered Bile-Acid Metabolism" The Lancet, Sep. 18, 1971, pp. 621-625.
Irving et al., "Measurement of .sup.13 CO.sub.2 /.sup.12 CO.sub.2 Abundance by Nondispersive Infrared Heterodyne Ratiometry as an Alternative to Gas Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry," Analytical Chemistry, vol. 58, pp. 2172-2178 (1986).
"A Portable Isotope Ratio Infrared Spectrometer," Second International Symposium on the Synthesis and Applications of Isotopically Labeled Compounds, Sep. 3-6, 1985, Kansas City, Mo.
Hill et al., "Time Resolved Measurement of Vehicle Sulfate and Methane Emissions with Tunable Diode Lasers," SAE Technical Paper Series, n 800510 (1980).

LandOfFree

Say what you really think

Search LandOfFree.com for the USA inventors and patents. Rate them and share your experience with other people.

Rating

Method and apparatus for measuring stable isotopes does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.

If you have personal experience with Method and apparatus for measuring stable isotopes, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Method and apparatus for measuring stable isotopes will most certainly appreciate the feedback.

Rate now

     

Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-1418665

  Search
All data on this website is collected from public sources. Our data reflects the most accurate information available at the time of publication.