Optics: measuring and testing – Blood analysis
Patent
1997-04-29
2000-11-14
Font, Frank G.
Optics: measuring and testing
Blood analysis
356436, 600310, G01N 3348, G01N 2100, A61B 500
Patent
active
061477494
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to method and apparatus for performing a measurement at the same target part of a measured object in measuring the concentration of a particular component within the measured object using the transmittance or reflectance spectrum obtained by irradiating the measured object with light.
RELATED ART
In recent years, in the field of clinical examinations and the like, so-called noninvasive monitors that noninvasively measure the concentration of a particular component in urine, blood, or an organism have been studied. Procedures measuring the concentration of a particular component within an organism using such noninvasive monitors are classified into the types where light transmitted by the tissue of the organism is used and types where light reflected by the tissue of the organism is used. In a scattering system such as the tissue of an organism, the absolute value of absorbance cannot be obtained, and therefore, the concentration of the absorbing substance cannot be obtained, unless the effective length of the light path resulting in scattering and the light quantity incident on the measured object are determined. Further, the light quantity incident on the measured object is varied by the light directly reflected by the surface of the measured object and others, because conditions of the surface and the incident angle of the light are varied. Therefore, when measuring the concentration of a particular component within an organism using such noninvasive monitors, it is necessary to project and receive light each time at the same location of the measured object under fixed conditions.
The following kinds of such noninvasive monitors are known for locating the light projecting member and the light receiving member against the measuring part of an organism. One kind is a clipping type that holds the measuring part of an organism between a clipping member in which a luminescent element is imbedded and another clipping member in which a light receiving element is imbedded. The light receiving element receives the light emitted by the luminescent element and transmitted by the measuring part to determine the information about the organism based on the intensity of the received light. Another kind is an adhesive type that sticks the luminescent and light receiving elements to the measuring part with double-sided adhesive tape. As in the clipping type, the light receiving element receives the light emitted by the luminescent element and transmitted by the measuring part to determine the information about the organism based on the intensity of the received light. (See, for example, Japanese Pat. Kai. Hei-6-14906).
Another kind of known noninvasive monitor has a stand having a groove of a size that allows the groove to receive a finger. One side of the groove has an entrance for the light path and the other side has an exit for the light path, so that the length of the light path from the entrance to the exit is made constant regardless of the size and shape of the finger. Further, the stand may have a roller and a spring that generate pressure on the finger of a size within a particular range to concentrate the blood within the finger and to increase the amount of blood at the examined part. (See, for example, Japanese Pat. Hyo. Hei-6-503728).
Further, a locating apparatus for positioning the detection filters of the light sending and receiving members right over a superficial vein of a wrist is known. (See, for example, Japanese Pat. Hyo. Hei-5-508336). In this locating apparatus, two windows are formed a certain distance apart, and the superficial vein can be observed through these windows. The user mounts the locating apparatus on a wrist and sets the locating apparatus so that the vein should be at the center of both windows. Then the user marks the locations of the windows with a felt pen and the like. After removing the locating apparatus, the user sets the detection filters on the marked place.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
Incidentally, in noninvasive
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Kubo Hiroko
Mitsumura Yoshio
Uenoyama Harumi
Xu Kexin
Font Frank G.
Kurashiki Boseki Kabushiki Kaisha
Kyoto Daiichi Kagaku Co., Ltd
Smith Zandra V.
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