Electricity: measuring and testing – Impedance – admittance or other quantities representative of... – Distributive type parameters
Patent
1998-04-10
2000-11-14
Ballato, Josie
Electricity: measuring and testing
Impedance, admittance or other quantities representative of...
Distributive type parameters
324636, 324637, 324638, 324642, 324646, 73 5302, 73 6172, G01R 2704
Patent
active
061475025
ABSTRACT:
A self calibrating method and apparatus for measuring butterfat and protein content based on measuring the microwave absorption of a sample of milk at several microwave frequencies. A microwave energy source injects microwave energy into the resonant cavity for absorption and reflection by the sample undergoing evaluation. A sample tube is centrally located in the resonant cavity passing therethrough and exposing the sample to the microwave energy. A portion of the energy is absorbed by the sample while another portion of the microwave energy is reflected back to an evaluation device such as a network analyzer. The frequency at which the reflected radiation is at a minimum within the cavity is combined with the scatter coefficient S.sub.11 as well as a phase change to calculate the butterfat content in the sample. The protein located within the sample may also be calculated in a likewise manner using the frequency, S.sub.11 and phase variables. A differential technique using a second resonant cavity containing a reference standard as a sample will normalize the measurements from the unknown sample and thus be self-calibrating. A shuttered mechanism will switch the microwave excitation between the unknown and the reference cavities. An integrated apparatus for measuring the butterfat content in milk using microwave absorption techniques is also presented.
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Fryer Michael O.
Hills Andrea J.
Morrison John L.
Ballato Josie
Bechtel BWXT Idaho LLC
Deb A
LandOfFree
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