Liquid purification or separation – Processes – Using magnetic force
Patent
1996-03-01
1997-12-23
Reifsnyder, David A.
Liquid purification or separation
Processes
Using magnetic force
210222, 166 665, 166304, E21B 3700, C02F 148
Patent
active
057003769
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates generally to apparatus for magnetically treating a liquid flowing through a pipe, and pertains more particularly to unpotted apparatus that can be readily held in place against the exterior of the tubing string installed in an oil well casing pipe.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Perhaps U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,367,143; 5,078,870; and 5,198,106 are representative of the state-of-the-art. However, as mentioned in the aforementioned issued patents, U.S. Pat. No. 3,328,878 also is representative of earlier prior art. The disclosures of each of these patents mention scale and paraffin problems, pointing out that scale can take various forms but typical of the substances creating scale problems are calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, barium sulfate, sodium chloride, magnesium sulfate, silica, as well as various oils, waxes and greases in addition to paraffin. Accumulations of these substances on the interior Of the pipe obviously produce problems, especially as far as causing a greater resistance to liquid flow within the pipe, and also where heat is applied to the pipe's exterior, the collected substances act as an objectionable thermal insulator. Sufficient accumulations, quite obviously, require that, the piping system be inactivated and the pipes individually cleaned out, a time-consuming and costly procedure where the system is an industrial one, particularly due to the fact that the particular piping system is not productive during the shutdown period.
The polarization of diamagnetic materials through the agency of relatively strong magnetic fields provided by permanent magnetic means is generally well understood and need not be repeated at this time, although reference may be made to the patents herein referred to for a basic understanding of what is involved. Very succinctly, however, the principle behind the polarization is to prevent the formation of sufficiently objectionable deposits on the inside of the pipe, the magnetic action causing the diamagnetic materials to move inwardly under the influence of a sufficiently strong magnetic field.
The difficulty in the past, however, has been with respect to providing sufficiently strong magnetic fields on the tubing string installed in an oil well casing pipe. Such tubing string is prone to incrustation of paraffin, asphaltine scale/deposits along with salt water and hard water deposits. Presently, chemicals are injected into the oil wells to prevent deposits from plugging the tubing string. However, when this method fails, the tubing string is removed from the oil well at great expense and cleaned out after its removal from the oil well. Attempts to treat the flow through the tubing string to prevent incrustation have not proven successful. First, the spacing between the tubing string and the oil well casing pipe is very restrictive and does not allow use of magnetic units which are conventionally utilized for exposed pipes. Further, the tubing string is typically formed of Schedule 80 carbon steel and is tested for 3,000 psi (210 kg/sq. cm) and 175,000 pounds (65,000 kg) of tensile strength, and therefore transmission of magnetic flux through the tubing string is relatively difficult. Furthermore, installation of the tubing string is sometimes 17,000 feet (5,000 meters) below the surface and is not in a straight line. Thus, considerable force estimated to be in the range of 20,000 pounds (7,500 kg) is exerted during installation on the side of the tubing string and/or upon any accessories mounted thereto.
It is thus an object of the present invention to provide a novel apparatus for magnetically treating liquids flowing through the tubing string installed in a well casing pipe.
It is further an object of the present invention to provide such a novel magnetic apparatus which is attached to a pup joint without physical alteration of the pup joint.
It is further an object of the present invention to provide such a novel magnetic apparatus which is secured on the pipe solely by frictional forces.
It is fu
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