Surgery – Diagnostic testing – Cardiovascular
Patent
1996-02-16
1999-09-21
Kamm, William E.
Surgery
Diagnostic testing
Cardiovascular
600504, A61B 5027, A61B 5028, A61B 5026
Patent
active
059546590
ABSTRACT:
A cardiac output measurement device volumetrically heating a predefined quantity of blood flowing through a heart by arbitrarily applying a containable energy field to the blood using a thermodilution catheter having an emitter that uniformly emits electromagnetic radiation. Blood temperature is measured at the pulmonary artery by a sensor that provides a signal representing the temperature of the mixed blood to a controller. The controller determines the flow rate, or cardiac output, by performing a heat balance analysis based upon the applied power and resultant blood temperature. The cardiac output measurement device includes a catheter having an emitter and, preferably, a temperature sensor located at its distal end. The catheter is coupled to a laser or other energy source capable of generating containable electromagnetic radiation, such as an ultraviolet or microwave energy source. Significantly, for the preferred laser source, the emitter is a diffuser that uniformly emits the laser-generated energy into a predetermined volume of flowing blood. A temperature measuring system of the controller receives temperature signals from the sensor and generates a resultant temporal temperature profile used by a flow estimator to determine the flow rate and generate a power excitation function to control the energy source. The resultant measured flow may also be presented though a user interface.
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Curley Michael G.
Newman William H.
Kamm William E.
Layno Carl H.
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