Agitating – Method
Patent
1986-10-30
1988-01-26
Jenkins, Robert W.
Agitating
Method
55292, 116137R, 366108, 366349, B01F 1100, B01F 1102, B01J 1910, B06B 120
Patent
active
047213957
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to method and apparatus for the purpose of increasing the turbulence in gas exposed to low frequency sound produced by a sound generator including a tubular resonator having an open end.
The International Application WO No. 80/01358 describes method and apparatus for actuating particles wherein the particles are exposed to a rapid reciprocating air flow generated by intense sound, preferably of a low frequency. The reciprocating air flow is utilized for the actuation of particulate material adsorbed or absorbed by an air permerable layer or support located at a position where the particle velocity of the sound is at maximum. By the forced or accelerated airing provided by the reciprocating air flow through the layer with the particulate material entrained therein, said material can be mixed or evaporated. The reciprocating air flow is generated by a low frequency sound generator with a resonator operating at a frequency of the order of 15-50 Hz.
According to a method, described in SE Application No. 8306653-0, for the combustion of fluidal fuels, the fuel is dispersed in combustion air and, in order to improve the combustion rate and efficiency, is exposed to a high particle velocity of a sound produced by a low frequency sound generator having a maximum frequency of 50 Hz. The sound generator is a quarter wave type sound generator with a tubular resonator forming a diffuser at the open end thereof. The combustion air is emitted from the open end of the resonator with the fuel entrained therein, the fuel being combusted substantially outside the resonator.
According to another method, described in SE Application No. 8405914-6, for the combustion of large solid fuels a fuel bed, located on a grate located in a three quarter wave resonator, is exposed to pulsating combustion air having a maximum frequency of 50 Hz. The flue gases from the bed are discharged through the resonator.
The object of the invention is to provide a method by which there is obtained a high turbulence in a gas passing through a tube or a space of tubular shape. This turbulence is used to obtain a homogenous mixing of said gas and an injected fluid such as powder, liquid or gas.
More particularly the invention provides a method for intense mixing of flue gases and a pulverulent liquid or gaseous chemical substance in order to intensify chemical reaction between said substance and contaminating constituents of the flue gases, such as SO.sub.x and NO.sub.x.
The intense mixing obtained by the method of the invention also can be used for evaporating the liquid phase of a liquid containing solid material e.g. in spray drying a liquid in the manufacture of instant products or in the wet-dry SO.sub.2 -limestone reaction process.
In order to achieve these and other objects which will be apparent from the description which follows, the invention provides a method of the kind referred to above, which has obtained, according to the invention, the characteristics appearing from claim 1.
The invention also provides an apparatus for working the method of the invention, as claimed in claim 7.
In order to illustrate the invention embodiments thereof will be described below, reference being made to the accompanying drawings in which
FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic longitudinal sectional view of one embodiment of an apparatus for working the method of the invention including a three quarter wave sound generator,
FIG. 2 is a view similar to FIG. 1 of a modification of the apparatus shown therein,
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view of a boiler including a set of apparatus of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2,
FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic longitudinal sectional view of a second embodiment of the apparatus of the invention including a half wave sound generator,
FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 4 of a modification of the apparatus shown therein,
FIG. 6 is a view similar to FIG. 3 including a set of apparatus as shown in FIG. 4,
FIG. 7 is a view similar to FIG. 4 of a second modification of the apparatus shown therein, and
FIG. 8 i
REFERENCES:
patent: 3109721 (1963-11-01), Zenner
patent: 3259272 (1966-07-01), Larson
patent: 3467363 (1969-09-01), Reichel
patent: 4359962 (1982-11-01), Olsson
patent: 4533255 (1985-08-01), Gronholz
Hakansson Hans-Bertil
Olsson Mats A.
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