Method and apparatus for enhancing the rate and efficiency of ga

Power plants – Internal combustion engine with treatment or handling of... – By electrolysis – electrical discharge – electrical field – or...

Patent

Rate now

  [ 0.00 ] – not rated yet Voters 0   Comments 0

Details

60274, 60287, 60288, 60308, 42218604, 204177, F01N 300

Patent

active

060475439

ABSTRACT:
An apparatus and a method for enhancing the rate of a chemical reaction in a gas stream. The apparatus includes at least one heterogeneous catalyst having an upstream end and a downstream end, and at least one surface having a plurality of catalytically active sites on the surface, where the catalyst is positioned so that at least a portion of the gas stream contacts at least a portion of the catalytically active sites on the surface. At least one device for producing radicals or other active species from at least one of water vapor or other gaseous species, such as a corona discharge device or a UV light source is used to produce radicals or other active species, which are introduced into the gas stream at a position upstream of the downstream end of the catalyst. The radicals or other active species are introduced in an amount sufficient to reduce or eliminate poisoning of the catalyst by catalyst poisons, such as sulfur, sulfur containing compounds, phosphorous, phosphorous containing compounds, and carbon.

REFERENCES:
patent: 1333836 (1929-03-01), Csanyi
patent: 1725566 (1929-08-01), McPartland
patent: 1982484 (1934-11-01), Runge
patent: 3188167 (1965-06-01), Specht
patent: 3896616 (1975-07-01), Keith et al.
patent: 3979193 (1976-09-01), Sikich
patent: 4041922 (1977-08-01), Abe et al.
patent: 4309199 (1982-01-01), Suzuki
patent: 4434771 (1984-03-01), Slmnicki
patent: 4519357 (1985-05-01), McAllister
patent: 4945721 (1990-08-01), Cornwell et al.
patent: 4968396 (1990-11-01), Harvey
patent: 5097665 (1992-03-01), Kammel
patent: 5154807 (1992-10-01), Harvey
patent: 5287556 (1994-02-01), Rich
patent: 5410871 (1995-05-01), Masters et al.
patent: 5419123 (1995-05-01), Masters
patent: 5433832 (1995-07-01), Rich et al.
patent: 5474747 (1995-12-01), Hayashi et al.
patent: 5487874 (1996-01-01), Gibboney, Jr.
patent: 5623819 (1997-04-01), Bowker et al.
patent: 5655210 (1997-08-01), Gregoire et al.
patent: 5711147 (1998-01-01), Vogtlin et al.
patent: 5746984 (1998-05-01), Hoard
patent: 5771683 (1998-06-01), Webb
patent: 5891409 (1999-04-01), Hsiao et al.
patent: 5893267 (1999-04-01), Vogtlin et al.
Kintaichi et al., "Selective Reduction of Nitrogen Oxides with Hydrocarbons Over Solid Acid Catalysts in Oxygen-Rich Atmospheres," Catalysis Letters 6 (1990) 239-244.
Yasuda et al., "IR Study of Catalytic Reduction of Nitrogen Monoxide by Propene in the Prescence of Oxygen over Ce-Exchanged ZSM-5 Zeolite," Symposium on NO.sub.x Reduction Presented before the Division of Petroleum Chemistry, Inc. 207th National Meeting, American Chemical Society , San Diego, CA, Mar. 13-18, 1994, 99-102.
Liu et al., "in situ XANES Characterization of Cu in Cu-ZSM-5 during Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO by Hydrocarbon," Symposium on NO.sub.x Reduction Presented before the Division of Petroleum Chemistry, Inc. 207th National Meeting, American Chemical Society, San Diego, CA, Mar. 13-18, 1994, 107-111.
Burch et al., "Mechanism of the Selective Reduction of Nitric Oxide by Propene on Platinum-Based Catalysts in the Prescence of Excess Oxygen," Symposium on NO.sub.x Reduction Presented before the Division of Petroleum Chemistry, Inc. 207th National Meeting, American Chemical Society , San Diego, CA, Mar. 13-18, 1994, 150-153.
Hamada et al., "Transition metal-promoted silica and alumina catalysts for the selective reduction of nitrogen monoxide with propane," Applied Catalysis, 70 (1991) L1-L8.
Hamada et al., "Selective reduction of nitrogen monoxide with propane over alumina and HZSM-5 zeolite," "Effect of oxygen and nitrogen dioxide intermediate," Applied Catalysis, 70 (1991) L15-L20.
Suhr et al., "Reduction of Nitric Oxide in Flue Gases by Point to Plane Corona Discharge with Catalytical Coatings on the Plane Electrode," Combust. Sci. and Tech., vol. 72, pp. 101-115.
Penetrante et al., "Comparison of Electrical Discharge Techniques for Nonthermal Plasma Processing of NO in N.sub.2' " IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, vol. 23, No. 4, Aug. 1995, 679-687.
Whealton et al., "971718 Non-Thermal Plasma Exhaust Aftertreatment: A Fast Rise-Time Concept," Manuscript based on work performed at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by Lockheed Martin Energy Research Corporation for the U.S. Dept. of Energy under contract No. DE-AC05-96OR22464, 1-14.
Fanick et al., "Simultaneous Reduction of Diesel Particulate and NO.sub.x Using a Plasma," SAE Technical Paper Series 942070, 239-246.
Hepburn et al., "The Pulse Flame Combustor Revisited," 962118 Ford Motor Co., 1-36.
Sztenderowicz et al., of Chevron Research and Technology Co. et al., "Effects of Fuel Sulfur Level on Emissons from Transitional Low Emission Vehicles," 952561, 2067-2082.
Plasma Exhaust Aftertreatment, SAE SP-98/1395, Library of Congress Catalog Card No. 98-86679, Copyright .COPYRGT. 1998 Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.

LandOfFree

Say what you really think

Search LandOfFree.com for the USA inventors and patents. Rate them and share your experience with other people.

Rating

Method and apparatus for enhancing the rate and efficiency of ga does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.

If you have personal experience with Method and apparatus for enhancing the rate and efficiency of ga, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Method and apparatus for enhancing the rate and efficiency of ga will most certainly appreciate the feedback.

Rate now

     

Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-1168399

  Search
All data on this website is collected from public sources. Our data reflects the most accurate information available at the time of publication.