Chemistry: electrical and wave energy – Apparatus – Apparatus for electrical
Reexamination Certificate
2008-10-22
2011-11-01
Wilkins, III, Harry D (Department: 1723)
Chemistry: electrical and wave energy
Apparatus
Apparatus for electrical
C204S194000, C204S242000, C205S695000, C205S742000
Reexamination Certificate
active
08048279
ABSTRACT:
An electrocoagulation treatment device includes a plurality of spaced reaction plates disposed within a reaction chamber. A voltage is applied to selected reaction plates to create an electrical field within the electrocoagulation chamber. The plates are arranged vertically which induces a vertical flow of liquid through a device. The voltage and amperage of the electrical field chamber may be adjusted by placing selected reaction plates in electrical contact with the voltage source. One embodiment is adapted for treatment of fluid containing soluble or particulate organic compounds recalcitrant to biodegradation, including nitrogenous contaminants, such as ammonia or an ammonium compounds. The device and method of the invention include the use of an oxidizing agent such as sodium hypochlorite or hydrogen peroxide to aid in the removal of organic contaminants.
REFERENCES:
patent: 284862 (1883-09-01), Lackersteen
patent: 2182145 (1939-12-01), Eddy
patent: 2732944 (1956-01-01), Hays
patent: 3340175 (1967-09-01), Mehl
patent: 3788967 (1974-01-01), Kawahata et al.
patent: 3793173 (1974-02-01), Kawahata et al.
patent: 3925176 (1975-12-01), Okert
patent: 3966567 (1976-06-01), Pace et al.
patent: 4036726 (1977-07-01), Gale et al.
patent: 4119520 (1978-10-01), Paschakarnis et al.
patent: 4125467 (1978-11-01), Haddad et al.
patent: 4176038 (1979-11-01), Moeglich
patent: 4293400 (1981-10-01), Liggett
patent: 4321125 (1982-03-01), Nazarian et al.
patent: 4329211 (1982-05-01), Plantes et al.
patent: 4450060 (1984-05-01), Gonzalez
patent: 4623436 (1986-11-01), Umehara
patent: 4708809 (1987-11-01), Davis
patent: 4770755 (1988-09-01), Valanti et al.
patent: 4790923 (1988-12-01), Stillman
patent: 4872959 (1989-10-01), Herbst et al.
patent: 4919775 (1990-04-01), Ishigaki
patent: 5013435 (1991-05-01), Rider et al.
patent: 5043050 (1991-08-01), Herbst
patent: 5227071 (1993-07-01), Torline et al.
patent: 5248424 (1993-09-01), Cote et al.
patent: 5302273 (1994-04-01), Kemmerer
patent: 5423962 (1995-06-01), Herbst
patent: 5525126 (1996-06-01), Basu et al.
patent: 5549812 (1996-08-01), Witt a.k.a. Witte
patent: 5571399 (1996-11-01), Allen
patent: 5611907 (1997-03-01), Herbst et al.
patent: 5741426 (1998-04-01), McCabe et al.
patent: 5804062 (1998-09-01), Wyness
patent: 5866019 (1999-02-01), Wyness
patent: 5928490 (1999-07-01), Sweeney
patent: 5928493 (1999-07-01), Morkovsky et al.
patent: 5985139 (1999-11-01), Zoeller
patent: 6139710 (2000-10-01), Powell
patent: 6171498 (2001-01-01), Fassbender et al.
patent: 6238546 (2001-05-01), Knieper et al.
patent: 6325916 (2001-12-01), Lambert et al.
patent: 6346197 (2002-02-01), Stephenson et al.
patent: 6358398 (2002-03-01), Halldorson et al.
patent: 6406629 (2002-06-01), Husain et al.
patent: 6471869 (2002-10-01), Yanou et al.
patent: 6488835 (2002-12-01), Powell
patent: 6645385 (2003-11-01), Krulik et al.
patent: 6689271 (2004-02-01), Morkovsky et al.
patent: 6719894 (2004-04-01), Gavrel et al.
patent: 6755970 (2004-06-01), Knappe et al.
patent: 6855838 (2005-02-01), Haas et al.
patent: 6890451 (2005-05-01), Sapienza et al.
patent: 6965044 (2005-11-01), Hammond et al.
patent: 7008538 (2006-03-01), Kasparian et al.
patent: 7211185 (2007-05-01), Powell
patent: 7264732 (2007-09-01), Bradley
patent: 7297279 (2007-11-01), Johnson et al.
patent: 7381323 (2008-06-01), Umezawa et al.
patent: 7410584 (2008-08-01), Devine
patent: 7449117 (2008-11-01), Nakayama
patent: 2003/0121864 (2003-07-01), Kin et al.
patent: 2004/0188348 (2004-09-01), Yamasaki et al.
patent: 2005/0045534 (2005-03-01), Kin et al.
patent: 2005/0081435 (2005-04-01), Lastella
patent: 2005/0120621 (2005-06-01), Lawson et al.
patent: 2005/0262760 (2005-12-01), Lawson et al.
patent: 2005/0274606 (2005-12-01), Powell
patent: 2006/0080891 (2006-04-01), Ghosh et al.
patent: 2006/0111600 (2006-05-01), Mecham
patent: 2007/0278152 (2007-12-01), Musale
patent: 2007/0295666 (2007-12-01), Bradley
patent: 80591/82 (1982-09-01), None
patent: 569026 (1988-01-01), None
patent: 685260 (1998-01-01), None
patent: 707432 (1999-07-01), None
patent: 721834 (2000-07-01), None
patent: 1526687 (1970-02-01), None
patent: 2832664 (1980-02-01), None
patent: 803274 (1997-10-01), None
patent: 1526687 (1978-09-01), None
patent: 2172815 (1986-10-01), None
patent: 2272171 (1994-05-01), None
patent: 61164695 (1986-07-01), None
patent: 7-116667 (1995-05-01), None
patent: WO 94 00860 (1994-01-01), None
patent: WO 96/17667 (1996-06-01), None
patent: WO 96/40591 (1996-12-01), None
patent: WO 98/17589 (1998-04-01), None
patent: WO 01/53568 (2001-07-01), None
patent: WO 03/078035 (2003-09-01), None
U.S. Appl. No. 11/677,896, filed Feb. 22, 2007, Powell.
U.S. Appl. No. 12/276,078, filed Nov. 21, 2008, Powell.
Amended Statement of Grounds and Particulars related to Australian Patent 738707 (similar to that previously submitted), as early as Jul. 14, 2004, pp. 1-11.
Amended Statement of Grounds and particulars related to Australian Patent 738707 (related to U.S. Appl. No. 10/050,725), as early as Dec. 4, 2002, pp. 1-5.
Barkley, et al., “Emerging Technology Summary—Electro-Pure Alternating Current Electrocoagulation”, Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation, Sep. 1993, EPA/640/S-937507, pp. 1-5.
Grigg, AWWA Trade Waste Interest Group and Institute for Sustainable Futures—Joint Seminar, Presentation of Paper, Sep. 14-15, 1999, pp. 1-6.
“Electrocoagulation”, Advertisement/Brochure for Cardia Technologies Ltd., as early as 1993, pp. 1-6.
“Clarifiers”, Clarifier, Waste Treatment Clarifier, clarifiers, Met-Chem, Inc. web page, as early as Mar. 18, 2007, available at http://www.metchem.com/clarifier.htm, printed on Oct. 21, 2008, pp. 1-2.
Author Unknown, “Electro-Coagulation—Water Treatment Technology”, pp. 1-6.
Author Unknown, “Electrocoagulation Systems”, pp. 1-9.
Fletcher, et al., “Industrial Electochemistry”, Second Edition, Chapman-Hall, 1990, Great Britian, pp. 337-338 and 560-561.
Holt, et al., “Electrocoagulation: A Technology-Oriented Review”, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Sydney, 2006, pp. 1-61.
Horn, “Informational Memorandum for the Deputy Secretary of Agriculture of the U.S. Re: Electrocoagulation,” Dec. 11, 1995, pp. 1-4.
“Memcor® Membranes. Quality. Reliability. Experience.”, Memcor Products—Ultrafiltration and Microfiltration Water and Wastewater Systems, Siemens web page, available at http://watersiemens.com/en/product—lines/memcor—products/Pages/default.aspx?g . . . , printed on Oct. 20, 2008, p. 1.
Petition related to a request for Invalidation against Korean Patent Application No. 395731 (related to U.S. Appl. 10/050,725), 18 pages.
“Reverse Osmosis”, Reverse Osmosis—Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia web page, as early as Apr. 4, 2004, available at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverse—osmosis, printed on Oct. 22, 2008, pp. 1-6.
“Sewage treatment”, Sewage treatment—Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia web page, as early as Jan. 24, 2004, available at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sewage—treatment, printed on Oct. 22, 2008, pp. 1-10.
Powell, “Electrocoagulation—A Technical Analysis”, on behalf of Vortex™ Water Systems, LLC, 1995, pp. 1-25.
Smith, “Applications of New Concepts of Physical-Chemical Wastewater Treatment”, Progress in Water Technology, vol. 1, Pergamon Press, edited by W.W. Eckenfelder, et al., paper presented at Vanderbilt University, sponsored by The International Association on Water Pollution Research & The American Institute of Chemical Engineers, Sep. 18-22, 1972, pp. 1-10.
Statement of Grounds and particulars related to Australian Patent 738707 (related to U.S. Appl. No. 10/050,725), as early as Mar. 21, 2002, pp. 1-4.
“Ultrafiltration”, Ultrafiltration—Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia web page, available at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utrafiltration, printed on Oct. 22, 2008, p. 1.
“Ultrafilt
Powell Scott Wade
Rasmussen John Dennis
Mendez Zulmariam
Sheridan & Ross P.C.
Wilkins, III Harry D
LandOfFree
Method and apparatus for electrocoagulation of liquids does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Method and apparatus for electrocoagulation of liquids, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Method and apparatus for electrocoagulation of liquids will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-4301765