Electricity: electrical systems and devices – Electric charging of objects or materials
Patent
1985-11-05
1988-04-12
Hix, L. T.
Electricity: electrical systems and devices
Electric charging of objects or materials
252 73, 252 74, 252 76, 252 781, 350391, 181260, 181296, C09K 300
Patent
active
047378867
ABSTRACT:
An apparatus and method for changing the optical and/or physical properties of a fluid composition employ an electric field applied across the fluid for controlling the fluid properties. The fluid consists of a dielectric liquid and an electrically conductive, elongated, fibrous particulate material. The fibrous material has a length between approximately 1000 angstroms and five millimeters, a diameter less than about 700 angstroms, and an aspect ratio of length to diameter greater than about five. The particulate material is in colloidal suspension in the liquid. Generally, when the particles are dispersed in the liquid by Brownian movement forces, the fluid composition has an average separation between particles of approximately three to ten or more times the average length of the particulate material. By varying the direction and/or intensity of the applied electric field, the properties of the fluid to both incident light passing therethrough and, with respect to properties such as viscosity, can be controlled and varied. Relatively low electric fields can be employed, for example, between about 100 and 2,000 volts per centimeter.
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Hix L. T,.
Panametrics, Inc.
Rutledge D.
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